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Unveiling the Mayan Civilization: Achievements, Religion, Politics, and More

Explore the rich history of the Mayan Civilization that thrived in Central America from 2,500 B.C. to around 1500 A.D. Discover their advanced achievements in astronomy, math, and writing system, along with their intricate social structure, religious practices, and economic activities. Uncover how the Mayans built observatories, temples, and pyramids, worshipped gods through human sacrifices, and traded goods using a barter system. Delve into their hierarchical government ruled by kings and priests, and learn about the fascinating social classes within Mayan society.

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Unveiling the Mayan Civilization: Achievements, Religion, Politics, and More

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  1. Mayan GRAPES

  2. I. The Mayan Civilization- a Meso American civilization that existed from 2,500 B.C. to around t1500 A.D.

  3. A. G-Geography-Central America mainly in the Yucatan Peninsula 1. Thick tropical forest surrounded them with some low swampy areas

  4. B. R-Religion-worshipped many gods with bloodletting or human sacrifices • Believed gods could be harmful and spiteful so to make them happy they offered them blood or scarifices • They pierced their ears, nose and tongue to prevent disasters and offered human scrifices for religious holidays • Believed dead became one with the gods • Temples and pyramids were made to be closer to the gods

  5. Human Scarifices

  6. C. A-Achievements 1. Observatories- buildings from which people could study the sky so the priests could watch the stars and plan for their religious festivals. 2. Astronomy- Developed two separate calendars, one with 365 days that guided planting and harvesting. A second to keep track of their religious holidays that was 260 days long.

  7. Achievements Continued 3. Math- created a complex number system and were among the first to have a symbol for zero. 4. Writing system- Similar to the Egyptian hieroglyphs. Represented both sounds and objects. 5. Art & Architecture- Jade and gold jewelry was exceptional and temple-pyramids were masterly built. They rolled the giant blocks on logs and then used ropes to pull them up.

  8. D. P-Politics-developed a hierarchiacal government ruled by king and priests

  9. They lived in independent city-state consisting of rural communities and large urban ceremonial centers

  10. 2. One noble family controlled each city the head person was called the halachunic • All cities or halachunic had to answer to king • They believed king and nobles related to gods

  11. E. E-Economics-they farmed, traded, and hunted • Used the barter system not money • Traded with people in the Caribbean Islands, and as far south as Guatemala

  12. 3. Goods traded by the mayanswer: jade, gold, copper, feather, and pottery 4. Subsistence items that were traded every day were: clothing, food, tools, and salt 5. Cocoa Beans were sometimes used as money

  13. F. S-Social Structure- had a hierarchical system divided between the nobles, commonoers, serfs, and slaves • Noble class was complex and specialized • You were born into your class

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