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The Age of Division: Southern Liang and Rebellion of Hong Jing

Explore the historical significance of the Battle of River Fei and Rebellion of Hong Jing during the Southern Dynasties period (420-589 AD). Delve into the rule of the Southern Liang Dynasty, focusing on Emperor Wu of Liang and Prince Xiao Tong. Discover the complexities of the Northern Wei and its subsequent divisions, including the impact of rebellions and conflicts. Gain insight into the literary masterpiece, "Wenxuan," and its influence on Chinese literature. Unravel the intricacies of power struggles and rebellions amidst the Northern and Southern Dynasties, shedding light on the turmoil of that era.

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The Age of Division: Southern Liang and Rebellion of Hong Jing

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  1. An Age of Division 78南北朝【NánBěiCháo】 the Northern and Southern Dynasties (420-589 AD) • Southern Dynasties • Significance of the Battle of River Fei (386 AD) • (381) (Compare the Battle of Red Cliff (208/9 AD) • the Southern Dynasties (420-589), namely, the Song Dynasty (宋, 420-479), the Qi Dynasty (齐, 479-502), the Liang Dynasty (粱, 502-557) and the Chen dynasty (陈, 557-589). • Northern Dynasties • Northern Wei 386–534 AD • Eastern Wei 534–550 AD • Western Wei 535–557 AD • Northern Qi 550–577 AD • Northern Zhou 557 to 581 AD

  2. Xiao Yan: Emperor Wu of Liang梁武帝萧衍reign 502-549 (Ebrey 67) • Patron of Buddhism and Literature/Art • Xiao Tong 萧统(501–531) --太子 • 【tàizǐ】 the crown prince, famous for Wenxuan, the first literary anthologyorganized by 39 genres with Fu appearing first; • Rebellion of Hong Jing (548 AD)

  3. 《赠逸民十一》To the Hermit by Xiao Yan • rú lǒng shēng mù mù yǒu yì xīn • 如 垄 生 木。 木 有 异 心。 • rú lín míng niǎo niǎo yǒu shū yīn • 如 林 鸣 鸟。 鸟 有 殊 音。 • rú jiāng yóu yú yú yǒu fú chén • 如 江 游 鱼。 鱼 有 浮 沉。 • yán yán shān gāo zhàn zhàn shuǐ shēn • 岩 岩 山 高。 湛 湛 水 深。 • shì jì yì jiàn lǐ xiàng nán xún • 事 迹 易 见。 理 相 难 寻。

  4. To the Hermit • As a raised path nurtures the tree--the tree has a separate mind; • As woods give voice to the bird--the bird sings a different song; • As the river floats the fish--the fish go their own way. • Cliff on cliff, mountain high: clear, clear, water dark: • The marks of things are visible; the grain of the heart is hard to find. • Trans. by Weizhi Gao

  5. 文选【wénxuǎn】 selected works; literary selection 81 • Significance: the first anthology of Chinese literature organized by (39) genres; this anthology paved the way and set the norm for later collections; • Best Translation, especially Han Fu • David R. Knechtges

  6. Further ReadingsSelections of Literature • Sample of Han Fu • http://uwch-4.humanities.washington.edu/~WG/~188/188%20Course%20Reader_2011/ • Intro to Wenxuan • Preface to Wenxuan

  7. Rebellion of Hong Jing 侯景548 AD • What pattern can we infer from this trouble? • The gate to Jiankang (now Nanjing), capital of the Southern Liang Dynasty, was opened by one of the princes… • Xiao Zhengde 萧正德 • Adopted son (fairness over the crown prince Xiao Tong 萧统) • The easiest is to breach a fortress from within. • --Lenin • The Rebellion of An Lushan in the Tang Dynasty (East Asia 100) 755-762 AD • Tension between An Lushan and Yang Guozhong whose sister was Yang Yuhuan • 贵妃【guìfēi】 highest-ranking imperial concubine

  8. Four Xiaos 四萧 • Xiao Yan • Xiao Tong (501–531), most famous for Wen Xuan, Selections of the Refined Literature; Xiao Tong died young after an incident; • Xiao Gang • Xiao Yi • Read David Knechtges’ Intro to Wen Xuan.

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