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Koine Greek Aramaic

Koine Greek Aramaic. Epicureanism: Universe as random conglomeration of atoms. Avoid pain and strife and live life of quiet contentment Stoicism: Single rational, divine principle rules and permeates universe. A spark of this is in every human, so all should follow natural

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Koine Greek Aramaic

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  1. Koine Greek Aramaic

  2. Epicureanism: Universe as random conglomeration of atoms. Avoid pain and strife and live life of quiet contentment Stoicism: Single rational, divine principle rules and permeates universe. A spark of this is in every human, so all should follow natural law emphasising justice, fidelity, courage, self-control, universal harmony. Live in accordance with cosmic harmony to lead life of inner tranquility

  3. Mystery Religions

  4. Characteristics of Christianity Monotheistic legacy of Judaism Immediacy of Jesus as real person Simple to state but also subtly sophisticated

  5. Basic Beliefs of Christianity One God, three persons: Father, Son, Holy Spirit Humans created by God, but nature corrupt since the Fall Jesus as promised Messiah. Proved divinity by miracles Taught: How God wanted people to live Eternal life for believers who obeyed commandments Love for God and others, humility, forgiveness

  6. Crucifixion Resurrection and Ascension Apostles and Last Supper

  7. 1st-3rd c. Rapid spread of Christianity in east and then in west Communities eventually headed by bishops Opposed by pagan intellectuals because Jesus was not heroic figure, faith denied other gods and seemed to lack sophistication Apologists: Justin (c. 100-165) logos Clement (c. 150-c. 210) Origen (185-254)

  8. Christians vs. Romans Refused to worship emperors Secrecy of rites Pacifism - some refused to serve in armies Persecutions under Nero (r. 54-68), Diocletian (r. 284-306) in 303

  9. Battle of the Milvian Bridge (312)

  10. 313 “Edict of Milan” Licinius (r. 308-24) 375-83 Reign of Gratian (in west), who confiscates endowments of pagan temples 379-95 Reign of Theodosius I (in east), who forbids practices of pagan cults 4th c. Bishoprics becoming grouped together under archbishops. Particular prestige held by Rome, Jerusalem, Alexandria, Antioch, Constantinople

  11. Church and State Who rules: clergy or emperor? Arianism (after Arius, d. 336) 325 Council of Nicea 330-79 Arianism enjoys imperial favour 381 Council of Constantinople 440-61 Papacy of Leo I (the Great)

  12. Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 260-c. 339) Baptised and ordained at Caesarea (Palestine) Possibly imprisoned by Romans Wrote immense number of works. Best known for Ecclesiastical History (revised 312-324)

  13. Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 260-c. 339) Ecclesiastical History highly influential in development of church history, but open to criticism 313 Becomes bishop of Caesarea 318 Becomes involved in Arian controversy 325 Exonerated at Council of Nicea 337 Death of Constantine. Eusebius writes panegyric, Life of Constantine

  14. “Edict of Milan” Agreement between Constantine and Licinius in 313 No actual edict, but terms of agreement were recorded in the Liber de Mortibus Persecutorum, by Lactantius (Christian apologist, d. c. 320)

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