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Economic Decision-Making: Understanding Scarcity and Trade-Offs

Learn how scarcity drives economic choices, the concept of opportunity cost, trade-offs, fixed and variable costs, revenue measurement, and cost-benefit analysis. Discover the importance of balancing costs and benefits in economic decision-making.

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Economic Decision-Making: Understanding Scarcity and Trade-Offs

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  1. Making Economic Decisions Economics Pt. 1, Lesson 2

  2. Scarcity forces people to make choices about how they will use their resources Every economic decision involves a trade-off Opportunity cost: the cost of the next best use of your time or money when you choose to do one thing rather than another Opportunity cost includes more than just money; includes time or opportunities What is the opportunity cost of playing for the basketball team? Trade-Offs

  3. Fixed costs: expenses that are the same no matter how many units of a good are produced; examples? Variable costs: expenses that change with the number of products produced; examples? Total costs: fixed costs + variable costs Measures of Cost

  4. Total Revenue: number of units sold multiplied by the average price per unit Marginal Revenue: the additional revenue from selling another unit of output Example: Pizza Hut makes $5 for every pizza they sell, how much do they make selling a second or third pizza? Marginal Benefit: additional extra benefit associated with an action Example: you pay $10 for a burger, how much would you pay for a second? third? Cost Benefit Analysis: deciding when the benefits are greater than the costs; what can cause the costs to be greater than the benefit Revenue and Benefit

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