Paramyxoviruses 副黏液病毒

1. Paramyxoviruses副黏液病毒

2. Objectives • How many types of viruses under paramyxovirus. • How many serotypes of each virus? • What is the status of Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase in each virus? • Vaccine MMR is for what viruses? • The pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of each virus. • What drugs can be used to treat these viruses?

5. I. Classification Family: Paramyxoviridae genera: Morbillivirus --> Measles V. Paramyxovirus--> Parainfluenza V. & Mumps V. Pneumovirus --> Respiratory Syncytial V. (RSV)

6. Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase

8. RSV in MA104 cell RSV in Hep-2 cell Measles in kidney cell Measles in kidney cell

9. Replication in cytoplasm Nucleus

10. II. Measles virus * Cause maculopapular rash(班及丘疹) * Has hemagglutinin, no neuraminidase * One serotype

11. Measles SSPE: SubacuteSclerosingPanencephalitis 亞急性硬化泛腦炎 * Systemic infection

16. Epidemiology • * One of the most infectious diseases* Occurred in Winter and Spring in preschool children* 85% infected cause disease; 4 million death before 5-year old each year * 1-3 years/ cycle • * 1/1000 become encephalitis; 1/1 million become SSPE, (teenage and young adult)

17. Pathogenesis

19. Clinical Syndromes • Fever--> Koplik's spot (marker for clinical diagnosis) --> rash

24. IV. Mumps viruses • Cause parotitis, similar to parainfluenza virus infection • With hemagglutinin and neuraminidase • One serotype

25. Pathogenesis • Humans are the only natural hosts. • Mumps is a systemic viral disease. • Nasal or upper respiratory tract epithelial cells --> viremia --> salivary glands (parotid gland) • Difficult to control the transmission because of the various incubation periods ---> (7-25days).

31. Mumps virus * Systemic infection

33. Epidemiology • Worldwide infection, occurred endemically in Winter or Spring. • Incubation period is about one week • 90% infected before age of 15 • Aerosol or personal contact

34. Clinical Syndromes • 1/3 subclinical; 95% of the patients with swelling of the salivary gland. • Malaise and anorexia --> enlargement of parotid glands

35. Treatment, Prevention and Control • No-antiviral treatment

36. III. Parainfluenza virus • With hemagglutinin and neuraminidase • 4 serotypes

37. Pathogenesis

39. Paramyxovirus

40. Clinical Syndromes • Laryngitis, croup, tracheobronchitis and pneumonia • Cause common cold: sneezing, nasal-obstruction or-discharge, sore throat, headache, mild cough, malaise, and chillness.

41. Epidemiology • Newborn or children under 5 year old • Occurred in Fall • Hospital people may get infected

42. Treatment, Prevention and Control • Hot steam, spread therapy (upper respiratory tract infection) • No effective vaccine

43. Paramyxovirus in RhMK cells Hemadsorption Unfected cells

44. V. Respiratory Syncytial Virus • Localized respiratory tract infection • First discovered in chimpanzee • without hemagglutinin, neuraminidase • With glycoprotein and fusion protein

45. Pathogenesis

47. Respiratory syncytial virus

48. Clinical Syndromes • Running nose

49. Epidemiology • Occurred in Winter • Spread through hands or aerosol

50. Treatment, Prevention and Control • Treatment: drug--> ribavirin • Prevention:prevent cross contamination • Vaccine: NA