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The American Revolution: Birth of a Nation

Experience the struggle and triumphs of the American Revolution from 1775-1783. Discover the pivotal battles, key leaders, and the fight for freedom and liberty. Explore the impact on the world and the influences that shaped history.

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The American Revolution: Birth of a Nation

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  1. Revolution 1775-1783 • I. Beginning of conflict • A. English send 55,000 troops • 1. 30,000 are German Mercenaries (Hessians) • 2. Continental Army faced largest military force ever sent to North America

  2. Advantages well trained large navy professional army military leadership Disadvantages Hessians distance limited knowledge of geography English Advantages & Disadvantages

  3. Advantages home field cause: freedom &liberty knowledge of geography Disadvantages Military leadership lacked trained army lacked supplies American Advantages & Disadvantages

  4. B. American Forces • 1. Quickly reduced to 20,000 • 2. Continental Army on the run trying to survive • 3. Reduced to 5,000 men by December, 1776

  5. I. Battle of Trenton December 26, 1776 • A. Cause appears lost • B. American morale is low • C. Thomas Paine “The Crisis”

  6. D. Washington crosses the Delaware River • E. Attacks Hessians • 1. 1,000 in 45 minutes • 2. Effect- American morale booster proves we might be able to win

  7. II. Battle of Princeton- January 3, 1777 • A. Washington & force of 1,500 defeat British in a surprise attack • B. Effect- Continental Congress more control & power to recruit

  8. C. 1777- Washington settles into Morristown, New Jersey for the winter.

  9. By 1777, it is clear that America is in need of foreign money & support to win the Revolution.

  10. III. Saratoga- October,1777 • A. English General- John Burgoyne developed a 3 prong attack • 1. Plan failed • a. poor communication • b. American forces blocked roads • English surrender

  11. B. Effect- major turning point of the American Revolution • C. Result- French supply troops, guns, & money

  12. IV. Foreign Military Leaders • A. Baron von Steuben • B. Casimir Pulaski • C. Marquis de Lafayette • Provide morale, discipline, order, & expertise

  13. V. Battle of Monmouth June, 1778 • A. American Victory • B. Defeated English General Henry Clinton

  14. 1778- British move south in an effort to split and spread the American forces. • British felt that loyalist in the South would help them win. They were wrong.

  15. VI. Battle of Yorktown October, 1781 • A. Washington learns French fleet sailing toward Chesapeake Bay (Admiral de Grasse) • B. General Rochambeau- urges Washington to combine French & American forces

  16. C. Washington- rushed troops south by land • D. Admiral de Grasse- blocks Chesapeake bay (British can’t retreat)

  17. E. British General Cornwallis surrenders • 1. October 19, 1781 • 2. Last battle • 3. Song- • “The world Turned Upside Down”

  18. VII. Treaty of Paris, 1783 • A. Officially ends the war • B. Recognizes American independence • C. Grants America land west to the Mississippi

  19. VIII. Influences on the world • A. Reduced British Monarchy to a figure head • B. Shot Heard ‘Round the World- inspired revolution in other countries • C. Continues to inspire

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