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Ch. 25 Land Empires in the Age of Imperialism, 1800-1870

Ottoman Reform and the European Model, 1807-1853. Selim III introduces reformsEuropean style military, Provincial governors, Standardized taxesJanissaries Revolt in SerbiaMuslim scholars revoltProgram is suspendedGreece gains independence Ottomans face a greater need for reformTanzimat reform

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Ch. 25 Land Empires in the Age of Imperialism, 1800-1870

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    1. Ch. 25 Land Empires in the Age of Imperialism, 1800-1870 RECAP FROM PICTURE PROJECTS

    2. Ottoman Reform and the European Model, 1807-1853 Selim III introduces reforms European style military, Provincial governors, Standardized taxes Janissaries Revolt in Serbia Muslim scholars revolt Program is suspended Greece gains independence Ottomans face a greater need for reform Tanzimat reforms European style reforms (education, clothing, taxes)

    3. Crimean War and Aftermath, 1853-1856 Russia attempts to expand into Ottoman British, French and Ottoman defeat Russia Crimean War—transition to modern warfare Percussion caps, breech loading, machine guns, use of railroads, trench warfare Ottomans continue European reform $ problems, Muslim fears stall reform

    4. Russian Empire (Cultural Trends) Russia remains underdeveloped but expands its power to Pacific Ocean Decembrist Revolt attempts to continue reform from Alexander I (1825) place Alexander’s brother Constantine on throne (rejected) Reform returns in 1855 with Alexander II Reform includes: Emancipation of serfs, railroad network, modernized govt., universities, science.

    5. Qing Empire: Opium War, 1839-1850 China plagued by Local Conflict Qing refuse to import British goods? Britain faces trade deficit Britain begins Opium trade? Qing ban trade Britain begins Naval invasion Treaty of Nanking Opening of 5 ports, low tariff, most-favored-nation Examine Map on p.669 (textbook)

    6. Taiping Rebellion Poverty caused by Opium wars leads to rebellion Hakka peoples rebel against imperial troops Provincial Governors (Qing) suppress the rebellion w/ British and French aid Considered one of the bloodiest civil wars (20-30mill deaths)

    7. Decentralization and End of Qing, 1864-1875 Qing expenditures 10x revenue Britain and France actively aided recovery China looked to U.S. for models? Restore agriculture, reform military, industrialize Provincial Governors assume control from the Qing

    8. Ch. 26, The New Power Balance 1850-1900

    9. Britain loses its grip 1890: Germany and U.S. surpass Britain as the worlds leading industrial powers!

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