The WINGS Pilot Proficiency Program

1. The WINGS Pilot Proficiency Program What it Is and How it Works

2. Is the WINGS Program Easy or Hard? • It is as easy as 1-2-3; let me show you • Create an account on FAASafety.gov • Go to your account on FAASafety.gov • Click on the Quick WINGS Link

3. Presentation Outline • What is the WINGS Program? • Why does the FAA offer the WINGS Program? • Why should you participate? • Is WINGS Effective? • How does it work for Pilots • How does it work for Instructors • Summary / Conclusion / Q&A

4. Section 1 • What is the WINGS Program?

5. What is the WINGS Program? • Pilots who maintain currency and proficiency in the basics of flight will enjoy a safe and stress-free flying experience • Requirements for each aircraft category and class include subjects and flight maneuvers specific to that category and class • To ensure pilots receive a well-rounded learning experience, only certain flight activities fulfill specific flight credit requirements

7. What is the WINGS Program? • The objective is to address primary accident causal factors • Especially those that continue to plague the general aviation community year after year • By focusing on this objective, we expect to reduce the number of accidents we see each year • It is not a simple “Award” program, but is a true proficiency program • designed to help improve our skills and knowledge as pilots

8. Why? • 30 ft. of airplane is now just 3 ft! • What would lead a VFR pilot into IMC conditions?

9. Procedural Errors • Slips, lapses, and mistakes in the execution of procedures • Skipping items on a checklist • A distraction that causes the pilot to fail to extend the landing gear, or not to extend it in this case • Pre-established habits? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pucmWr55cgw

10. General Aviation Accidents • The reasons pilots have accidents have remained largely unchanged over the years • Human error remains the greatest factor in aircraft accidents and incidents • These mistakes are made by all types and experience levels of pilots, • Including Instructors

11. Why Land Off Airport?

12. Section 2 • Why does the FAA have a WINGS Program? • Does the WINGS Program Really Work? • Will I be a safer pilot if I participate?

13. Accident Rates

14. Fatal Accident Rates

15. 3-Year Accident Data

16. Pilots who have earned a Basic Phase in the WINGS Program

17. Phases of WINGS Earned

18. WINGS Pilots with Accidents

19. WINGS Pilots Who Had an Accident

20. WINGS Pilots with Accidents

21. WINGS Pilots Who Had a Fatal Accident

22. WINGS Accident Summary • Loss of Control – 10 • On Landing – 4 • 3 tail wheel • Water Landing - 3 • Takeoff – 2 • At night in pattern - 1 • Engine Failure – 5 • Fuel Exhaustion – 3 • Carb Icing – 1 • Water in fuel – 1 • Other • Helicopter Loss of Control – 2 • VFR into IMC – 2 • Hit Deer – 1 • Landed long at night – too fast – 1 • Pipe Line Patrol – 1 • Glider takeoff – 1 • Forgot landing gear – 1 • Heavy/High density altitude takeoff - 1

23. Summary • We encourage flight and ground instructors to give more attention in two major areas • Proper preflight planning, with an emphasis on performance and limitations, and • Transition training • In addition, designated pilot examiners should test the 1st area more thoroughly • which will further emphasize that topic’s importance

24. Summary • Do pilots who participate in the WINGS Program have better safety records because of the additional training they receive? • Is their safety record a result of their intrinsic interest in aviation safety? • Their subsequent participation in the WINGS Program is then a natural result of that interest • Does the WINGS Program help make already safe pilots safer?

25. Summary • Pilots who participate in the WINGS Program are, as a group, involved in substantially fewer accidents than their peers

26. Section 3 • How is the WINGS Program structured?

27. Levels and Phases • There are three Levels • Basic, Advanced, and Master • A Phase within a Level consists of six tasks or activities • Three Knowledge Activities, and • Three Flight Activities • A pilot may earn as many phases in each level as he or she desires • Each phase requires the completion of an additional six tasks or activities

28. Basic Level • A recurrent training program • Provides pilots a higher level of proficiency than merely preparing for a typical Flight Review • Because the Basic Level addresses primary accident causal factors, every pilot is required to complete a phase at the Basic Level at least once every 12 calendar months • This ensures pilots are aware of current accident causal factors and possible mitigation strategies

29. Basic Level Standards • The Basic Level requires use of the Private Pilot Practical Test Standards (PTS) • or the PTS for the pilot certificate held, whichever is lower • This includes Sport and Recreational Pilot Certificates • Pilots in the WINGS Program must demonstrate proficiency to the same standards required at the certification level

30. Accident Causal Factors • Aeronautical Decision Making • Including Runway Safety Issues • Performance and Limitations • Including Loss of Control Issues • Preflight Planning, Risk Management, and Fuel Management • Takeoffs and Landings • Positive Aircraft Control • Including Loss of Control Issues • Basic Flying Skills

31. Seminar Topics • ADM and Risk Management • Single-Pilot Resource Management • Human Factors • Basic Flying Skills • Takeoffs, Launches, Landings, & Go-Arounds • Weather, including VFR into IMC • Aerial Application • Aeromedical Factors • Aviation Security • Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) • Checklist Usage • Collision Avoidance • Cross Country Flight Planning, including Pilotage, Dead Reckoning, Navigation Systems, or Charts • Density Altitude Operations • Emergency Training, including Egress Training and Land & Water Survival • Exchange of Flight Controls • High Altitude Operations • Land and Hold Short Operations • Maintenance and/or Airworthiness Related Issues • Positive Aircraft Control • Regulations • Runway Incursion Avoidance • Special Use Airspace • Stall/Spin Awareness • Temporary Flight Restrictions • Wake Turbulence Avoidance • Wire Strike Avoidance • Other Aviation Safety-Related Subjects, with approval

32. Advanced and Master Levels • For pilots who want a training and proficiency program that take them a step above the Basic Level • Higher proficiency standards are required • These Levels afford the pilot an opportunity, in concert with an instructor, to tailor the training to fit more specific needs • To complete a phase of WINGS at the Advanced or Master levels, a pilot must simultaneously complete or already hold the level just below

33. Advanced Level Standards • The Advanced level requires using the Commercial PTS • or the Private PTS when there is not a Commercial PTS, • or if the pilot completed the Basic level by using the Sport or Recreational PTS, then the Private PTS is used for this level.

34. Master Level Standards • The Master level requires using the Commercial and Instrument Rating PTS or the ATP PTS • if one is available for the category and class of aircraft used • In addition, some activities refer to tasks from the Certificated Flight Instructor (CFI) PTS • A Light Sport Aircraft (LSA) cannot be used at this level

35. How Are WINGS Credits Assigned? • Professional judgment is used in determining whether an activity meets the requirements for WINGS Credit, and • a few straightforward requirements are indispensable

36. How Are WINGS Credits Assigned? • The major topic of the activity must normally fall into one of the topics we discussed above • They cover primary accident causal factors

37. Accident Causal Factors • Aeronautical Decision Making • Including Runway Safety Issues • Performance and Limitations • Including Loss of Control Issues • Preflight Planning, Risk Management, and Fuel Management • Takeoffs and Landings • Positive Aircraft Control • Including Loss of Control Issues • Basic Flying Skills

38. Seminar Topics • ADM and Risk Management • Single-Pilot Resource Management • Human Factors • Basic Flying Skills • Takeoffs, Launches, Landings, & Go-Arounds • Weather, including VFR into IMC • Aerial Application • Aeromedical Factors • Aviation Security • Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) • Checklist Usage • Collision Avoidance • Cross Country Flight Planning, including Pilotage, Dead Reckoning, Navigation Systems, or Charts • Density Altitude Operations • Emergency Training, including Egress Training and Land & Water Survival • Exchange of Flight Controls • High Altitude Operations • Land and Hold Short Operations • Maintenance and/or Airworthiness Related Issues • Positive Aircraft Control • Regulations • Runway Incursion Avoidance • Special Use Airspace • Stall/Spin Awareness • Temporary Flight Restrictions • Wake Turbulence Avoidance • Wire Strike Avoidance • Other Aviation Safety-Related Subjects, with approval

39. How Are WINGS Credits Assigned? • The major topic of the activity must normally fall into one of the topics discussed above • inasmuch as they cover primary accident causal factors • The length of the presentation or activity will be considered • generally, an activity consisting of at least 60 minutes of instruction earns one credit • Educational value, such as accuracy and the depth of discussion or demonstration, will be reviewed • Generally, material must be presented to a level of understanding consistent with that of at least a Private Pilot (or Recreational or Sport Pilot, as appropriate for the intended audience), and • The activity or presentation must cover the material in sufficient detail • so that by incorporating a renewed understanding of the subject matter into their flying habits, or using a reacquired aeronautical skill, pilots can be assumed to have lessened the possibility of a potential accident

40. How Are WINGS Credits Assigned? • Pilots who demonstrate a specified level of knowledge and/or proficiency • Incorporate such skills and knowledge into their flying habits • Will mitigate these topics as accident causal factors

41. Section 4 • What are the benefits of participation?

42. Benefits of Participation • Completion of any Phase of WINGS satisfies the requirement for a flight review • 14 CFR 61.56(e) • Some insurance companies offer a premium discount for participation • As much as a 10% discount • Participating pilots really are safer pilots • As demonstrated by a study comparing accidents by WINGS pilots vs. non-WINGS pilots

44. Certificates and Transcript

46. Flight Review Expiration Date

47. WINGS Pins

48. Why do pilots participate? • Safety oriented • Because you want to be a safe as possible • New • To maintain your skills • Experienced • To refresh your skills • You want to join the ranks of the knowledgeable and proficient pilots! • How many pilots participate?

49. Why Should You Participate? • Every pilot must participate in some kind of recurrent training program • Especially General Aviation Pilots! • Feel more confident • Increase your safety margins • Develop an ongoing relationship with a CFI or training facility • Increase safety margins • Prevent the cost of aircraft repairs, medical costs, increased insurance premiums, and personal embarrassment following an aircraft accident

50. Can All Pilots Participate? • All pilots with a US-issued certificate • Student Pilots • Pilots with US certificates based on Foreign certificates • They have to fly with a US-certificated CFI