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Chapter 2 Unix Kernel & TCP/IP Protocols Part 1: Unix Kernel Review

Chapter 2 Unix Kernel & TCP/IP Protocols Part 1: Unix Kernel Review. Network Protocols are implemented in either hardware or software, examples. Basic structure for the implementation of different layer protocols in a computer system

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Chapter 2 Unix Kernel & TCP/IP Protocols Part 1: Unix Kernel Review

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  1. Chapter 2 Unix Kernel & TCP/IP ProtocolsPart 1: Unix Kernel Review • Network Protocols are implemented in either hardware or software, examples. • Basic structure for the implementation of different layer protocols in a computer system • Network software development and computer language.

  2. From a point of view networking Kernel Process & Program Multitasking Shells Files Talking to the kernel Systems calls C library File management Process management Error handling Review Concepts in the Unix

  3. System Calls Hierarchy

  4. Error handling What’s the difference between signal functions and the IPC for processes communications? perror

  5. Process Relationships • A special process - init • Daemons are processes that live for a long time • Put a process in a background % server port & % client dest-ip [-options] /* see processes states */ % ps -axj

  6. Interprocess Communication (IPC) • Network programming with multiple processes • IPC between two processes on a single system, such as using pipe. Based on sharing memory • IPC between two distributed processes on different machines - BSD Sockets Based on messages exchange through the networks

  7. The Structure of TCP/IP software in an Operating System • TCP/IP software usually resides in the operating system, where it can be shared by all application programs on the machine. • What’s the general structure of TCP/IP software? • How the software fits into the operating System?

  8. What are required to implement TCP/IP protocols in the kernel? • Multiple processes • Process Priority • IPC • Processes mutual exclusion & Synchronization • Today, for multimedia communications, real-time OS kernel is needed

  9. Structure of TCP/IP software • Device drivers, input and output • Network input and interrupts • Passing packets to high level protocols • Passing datagrams from IP to transport protocols • Delivery to application programs

  10. Summary of Output Process Structure • It shows the path of data between an application program and network hardware. • Output from the device queues is started at interrupt time. • IP is a central part of the design - the software for input and output both share a single IP process.

  11. Application(User processes) Overview of data output flow TCP/UDP/IP in the kernel of OS Physical network

  12. Summary of Input Process Structure • It shows that the path of data between the network hardware and an application program. • Input to the device queues occurs asynchronously with processing. • IP is a central part of the design - the software for input and output share a single process.

  13. Overview of data Input flow

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