1 / 16

Computing Basics

Computing Basics. Chapter 3, Exploring the Digital Domain. Computing Basics. how computers process information how hardware is organized for instruction-execution how software directs processing the role of the operating system how the OS manages files, user interface

jed
Download Presentation

Computing Basics

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Computing Basics Chapter 3, Exploring the Digital Domain

  2. Computing Basics • how computers process information • how hardware is organized for instruction-execution • how software directs processing • the role of the operating system • how the OS manages files, user interface • common features of application software In this chapter you will learn about . . .

  3. Computer System • a computer system is an electronic digital data processing machine • data -- symbolic representation of information • a computer process is sequence of states during which data is modified in specific ways • a program is a sequence of instructions that direct a process

  4. Instruction-Execution Cycle • fetching the next instruction • decoding (or interpreting) that instruction • executing what the instruction prescribes

  5. Computer System • HARDWARE • devices, equipment • SOFTWARE • programs

  6. Processor System stores both data and instructions used for processing interconnections manages the instruction-execution cycle

  7. Memory • information (data) is stored in uniform-sized units • each unit has a unique address • reading from memory • copy data from a memory location • writing to memory • moving data into a memory location

  8. Secondary Memory and I/O • Secondary memory • nonvolatile storage • cheaper, mass storage • Input/Output devices • input--translates human-readable forms of information to machine-readable data • output-- translates machine-readable data to human-readable forms

  9. Software • programs • written using programming languages (symbolic codes for expressing computer instructions) • programs ≠ processes • conditional processing • the ability to alternative actions based on the recognition of changing conditions

  10. Conditional Processing

  11. Operating Systems • continuous control of system • supervises processes • creates useful abstractions for users • defines computing experience An operating system is a collection of resident programs that manage the computer’s resources, supervise the execution of processes, and provides useful services and security.

  12. Managing Files • A file is a sequence of items treated as a unit and identified with a unique name • filenames are composed of • identifier + ‘ .’ + extension • identifier (Windows) = up to 255 symbols excluding special characters • extension (Windows) = 1 - 4 characters that are used to classify file

  13. tree--special type of graph nodes, edges (links) parent(s) child(ren) ancestor(s) descendant(s) directory structure--series of levels based on a tree files, folders path--list of all ancestors of a file/folder from root pathname--conventional listing of path Hierarchical File System

  14. Windows Example

  15. TEXT-BASED command line interpreters terse, but powerful steeper learning curves burden of communication on user GRAPHIC USER INTERFACES (GUI) manipulate visual elements user-friendly more tedious User Interface

  16. Applications • are restricted to a specific problem domain • have a user interface based on some intuitive metaphor • use conducted in sessions

More Related