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Generation and Control of Vacuum in Furnace

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Generation and Control of Vacuum in Furnace

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    1. Generation and Control of Vacuum in Furnace P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department

    2. Development of Air & Flow Circuits

    3. Total gas side pressure drop

    9. Modeling of 210 MW Draught System Pressure drop calculation in air & gas path and its comparison with design value. Assessment of ID and FD fan power as a function of furnace pressure.

    10. Important variables along air and gas path

    13. Pressure Variation

    14. Off Design Pressure Variation

    17. Operational Data of 210 MW plant

    19. Effect of Furnace Vacuum on Boiler Efficiency

    22. New Ideas for Future Research

    23. Analysis of Flue Gas at the ID Fan Inlet Partial pressure of each constituent in flue gas,  pCO2 = 16.366209 kPa  pO2 = 1.138404 kPa  PN2 = 68.142138 kPa  pSO2 = 0.036081 kPa  pH2O = 13.363218 kPa Mass flow rate of each constituent in tons/hour is:  Mass flow rate of O2 in the flue gas =13.2867 tph  Mass flow rate of CO2 in the flue gas = 262.646 tph  Mass flow rate of N2 in the flue gas = 695.893 tph  Mass flow rate of SO2 in the flue gas = 0.84219 tph  Mass flow rate of H20 in the flue gas = 118.33 tph

    24. Energy Audit of Flue Gas Temperature of flue gas = 136 ºC – 150oC Dew point of water is (obtained based on partial pressure of 0.1336 bar) 51.59 ºC Cooling of the exhaust gas below the dew point will lead to continuous condensation of water vapour and reduction of flue gas volume and mass. The temperature of the flue gas in order to remove x% of the available moisture can be obtained using partial pressures of water.

    25. Energy Potential of Flue Gas with 10% water Recovery

    26. Energy Potential of Flue Gas with 100% water Recovery

    27. Model Experimentation

    28. Expected Performance of the heat exchanger

    29. Experimental validation

    30. Calculation of Flue Gas Flow Rate

    31. Combustion and Draught Control The control of combustion in a steam generator is extremely critical. Maximization of operational efficiency requires accurate combustion. Fuel consumption rate should exactly match the demand for steam. The variation of fuel flow rate should be executed safely. The rate of energy release should occur without any risk to the plant, personal or environment.

    32. Furnace Draught

    33. The Control Furnace (draft) pressure control is used in balanced draft furnaces in order to regulate draft pressure. Draft pressure is affected by both the FD and ID fans. The FD fan is regulated by the combustion control loop, and its sole function is to provide combustion air to satisfy the firing rate. The ID fan is regulated by the furnace pressure control loop and its function is to remove combustion gases at a controlled rate such that draft pressure remains constant.

    34. Furnace Draught Control

    35. Windbox Pressure Control

    36. Combustion Prediction & Control

    37. The Model for Combustion Control

    38. Parallel Control of Fuel & Air Flow Rate

    39. Flow Ratio Control : Fuel Lead

    40. Flow Ratio Control : Fuel Lead

    41. Cross-limited Control System

    42. Oxygen Trimming of Fuel/air ratio Control

    43. Combined CO & O2 Trimming of Fuel/Air Ratio Control

    44. Resistance to Air & Gas Flow Through Steam Generator System

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