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ACADEMIC RANKING OF WORLD UNIVERSITIES

ACADEMIC RANKING OF WORLD UNIVERSITIES. INTRODUCTION. The “university ranking” is an American invention. The West ranks hospitals, schools and universities. Hotels are ranked and classified according to stars. Ranking is normally conducted through survey processes.

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ACADEMIC RANKING OF WORLD UNIVERSITIES

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  1. ACADEMIC RANKING OF WORLD UNIVERSITIES

  2. INTRODUCTION • The “university ranking” is an American invention. • The West ranks hospitals, schools and universities. Hotels are ranked and classified according to stars. • Ranking is normally conducted through survey processes. • The university ranking is part of human nature to set hierarchies. • It is also the nature of contemporary world functions due to the globalization impact. • Higher education is complex, costly and important, and it always attracts many attentions of politicians, employers, potential students as well as their families. They need quantified evidences about “quality and performance”.

  3. CURRENT ACADEMIC RANKING OF WORLD UNIVERSITIES

  4. THINGS TO REMEMBER ABOUT UNIVERSITY RANKING Advantages • Ranking can give advantages to universities for the following reasons: • Universities have Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to measure their performances. • Ranking will become self-improvement tools for universities. • Ranking can foster healthy competition among higher education institutions. Disadvantages • Whereas the disadvantages of university ranking are as follows: • Measurement is not based on category or university’s objectives. • Results of ranking can give impacts to staff’s and students’ motivation.

  5. Dilemma of Ranking • In the ranking exercises, the following matters should be taken into consideration: • Ranking must be based on the same categories “homogeneous”. • Public Universities need to fulfill national agenda which is not taken into account in the ranking exercise. • Most ranking systems are driven by the commercial need to sell more publications. • Rankings are something of a self-fulfilling prophecy: reputation is considered a significant factor. • There is always data manipulation to place well on rankings.  • Many data collecting exercises are driven by the information that is available rather than the information that is necessary to accurately gauge the level to which an institution meets particular quality criteria. • Ranking should not count factors that are proxy for quality. • Ranking must not ignore universities’ missions and goals which are different between one university to another. • Ranking cannot assume “one size fits all” which norms of research universities are the gold standard.

  6. Frequent Asked Questions • How to ensure that the data provided conforms to the questionnaire for best advantage? • How to develop your university’s strategy to maintain or improve your ranking? • Why does World Ranking increase student numbers and revenue? • How ranked universities can attract the most talented student and faculty? • How to globalize your institution?

  7. TYPES OF RANKING PROVIDERS • Media • Government Agencies • Independent Professional Bodies • Accrediting Bodies • Funding Organizations • Individual/Group Initiatives • Academic Themselves

  8. WHY THE NEED FOR RANKINGS? • Higher Education is becoming more global. • Knowledge is the key driver of international competitiveness. • Ranking will raise awareness of institutions / universities being ranked. • International Study Trends show that world wide demand for education is on the rise. • Public funding is being slashed, so one source of funding is from international students. In some countries international students’ contribution to the economy is higher than the other sectors.

  9. CRITERIA OF UNIVERSITY RANKING

  10. CRITERIA OF TOP UNIVERSITIES

  11. CRITERIA OF WORLD UNIVERSITIES

  12. IMPROVEMENTS TO CURRENT CRITERIA • Purposes and goals of the rankings • Should recognize the diversity of institutions and take into account their different missions and goals (ranking tends to ignore these issues). • Design and weighting of indicators • Be transparent regarding the methodology used for creating the rankings. • Appropriate ways of measuring outcomes, such as retention and graduation rates, scores on examinations, etc. • Collection and processing of data • Use audited and verifiable data whenever possible. • Presentation of ranking results • Provide consumers with clear understanding of all factors used to develop ranking, and offer them a choice in how rankings are displayed such as by allowing them to determine how factors are weighed on interactive web sites. Sources “Berlin Principles on Ranking of Higher Education Institutions” -

  13. PROCEDURES AND MECHANISMS FOR UNIVERSITY SELECTION • Assign universities with the same groups of their peers. • Academic reputation & research outputs. • Faculty and student diversity and background. • Webpage becomes impact factor, i.e. volumes of published materials on the web.

  14. “If we don’t produce our own ranking, don’t be surprised that others are going to do it for us”

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