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The French Revolution: Catalysts and Consequences

Explore the political, social, and economic roots of the French Revolution, from absolute monarchy to Enlightenment ideals to financial crisis. Learn about the Estates of France and the pivotal role of the American Revolution. Discover how these factors culminated in 1789, marking the beginning of revolutionary change in France.

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The French Revolution: Catalysts and Consequences

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  1. 1789: THE FRENCH -------REVOLUTION Background Causes

  2. 1st Background Cause: POLITICAL SYSTEM Absolute Monarchy: Reign of King Louis XVI

  3. Reign of Louis XVI: • ABSOLUTE MONARCHY • NOBLES HOLD SPECIAL POSITIONS • ORDINARY PEOPLE HAVE NO POWER

  4. KING LOUIS XVI • WEAK • FOOLISH • INDECI-SIVE

  5. MARIE ANTOINETTE • FOREIGN • FOOLISH • EXTRAVA-GANT

  6. 2nd Background Cause: SOCIAL SYSTEM-- the Estates of France

  7. Social Divisions First Estate Second Estate Third Estate

  8. THE FIRST ESTATE CLERGY: • Owned 20% of the land • Paid no tax • Tithes

  9. SECOND ESTATE NOBLES: • 25% of land • Paid no taxes • Feudal dues • Positions

  10. THE THIRD ESTATE THE REST • 97% • Middle Class • City Workers • Peasants

  11. GRIEVANCES OF THE THIRD ESTATE • Paid most of the taxes • Peasants paid Feudal dues • High price of food (bread) • Few positions of influence • No power in the government

  12. 3rd Background Cause: THEENLIGHTENMENT

  13. The Enlightenment A) Enlightenment thinkers were against absolute monarchy. B)They believed in progress and political change to improve society. C) They also emphasized equality.

  14. The Enlightenment Encouraged... • Questioning the System • Expectations for Change • Demands for changes to the government • Revolutionary action

  15. 4th Background Cause: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

  16. American Revolution • Inspiration • Leaders - Lafayette • Debt

  17. 5th Background Cause: THE FINANCIAL CRISIS

  18. ROYAL SPENDING • Louis XIV • Versailles • Wars • Favors to the Nobles

  19. National Budget of France Interest on the Debt Everything Else Military COURT

  20. Solutions Refused Jacques Necker • Reduce Spending • Tax Nobles

  21. FATEFUL DECISION: • King decides to call theEstates General • Purpose: to raise thetaxes needed to pay off the debt • The Revolution will begin

  22. 1789: the End of the Beginning ...

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