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Gramática Unidad 1 Avancemos II. Personal “a”, p. 40. Whenever a person is the object of a verb in Spanish, the personal “ a ” must be used after the verb and before the person that is the object. In general, the verb “tener” does not take the personal “ a ”.
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Personal “a”, p. 40 • Whenever a person is the object of a verb in Spanish, the personal “a” must be used after the verb and before the person that is the object. In general, the verb “tener” does not take the personal “a”. • ¿Conoce usted a la profesora de ciencias? • Tengo un hermano. • Práctica: Completa Act. 5, p. 40.
Complementos directos, p. 41 • Direct objects receive the action of the verb in a sentence. They answer the question “whom?” or “what?” about the verb. The following pronouns replace direct object nouns. • me = me nos = us • te = you (familiar) os = you (plural/familiar) • lo = you (formal), him, it los = you (plural), them • la = you (formal), her, it las = you (plural/feminine), them • Ejemplos: Veo a la profesora. > La veo. • Héctor tiene el itinerario. > Héctor lo tiene.
Complementos directos (cont’d) • When an infinitive follows the conjugated verb, the direct object pronoun can be placed before the conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive. • No voy a hacer la maleta hoy. > No la voy a hacer hoy. • OR • No voy a hacerla hoy. • Práctica: Completa Act. 7, p. 42
Complementos indirectos, p. 46 • Indirect objects are nouns that answer the question “to whom?” or “for whom?” about the verb. The following pronouns replace indirect object nouns. • me = me nos = us • te = you (familiar) os = you (plural/familiar) • le = you (formal), him, her les = you (plural), them • In Spanish, you must use the indirect object pronoun to accompany the noun it modifies or to replace the noun. The pronoun appears before the conjugated verbs. • Mamá les da el dinero a José y Ana. > Mamá les da el dinero.
Complementos indirectos, (cont’d) • When an infinitive follows the conjugated verb, the indirect object pronoun can be placed before the conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive. • Le voy a vender mi coche a Sara. > Le voy a vender mi coche. • OR • Voy a venderle mi coche. • Práctica: Completa Act. 12, p. 47
Expresiones interogativas • adónde = to where cuántos(as) = how many • cómo = how dónde = where • cuál(es) = which (ones) por qué = why • cuándo = when qué = what • cuánto(a) = how much quién(es) = who • Each interrogative word has a written accent and some have masculine, feminine, and plural forms. • “Qué” can be followed directly by a noun but “cuál” can not. • ¿Qué hotel es el mejor? ¿Cuál de los hoteles es el mejor?
yo visité tú visitaste usted, él, ella visitó nosotros(as) visitamos vosotros(as) visitasteis Ustedes, ellos, ellas visitaron Pretérito de verbos “~ar”, p. 65(Simple past tense) visitar = to visit Durante las vacaciones, yo monté a caballo, mi mamá visitó un museo y mis hermanos nadaron. *The “nosotros” form is the same in the present as in the preterite. Look for clues in the sentence to help you know whether the verb is in the present of past tense. (Ejemplo: Acampamos anoche en el parque.)
fui fuiste fue fuimos fuisteis fueron Pretérito de verbos irregulares, p. 70(ir, ser, hacer, ver, dar) ir = to go & ser = to be (conjugated the same) (ir): Fuimos al parque de diversiones. (ser): ¡Fue un día muy divertido!
hice hiciste hizo hicimos hicisteis hicieron hacer = to do, make
vi viste vio vimos visteis vieron ver = to see
di diste dio dimos disteis dieron dar = to give
Práctica • Completa Act. 12, p. 71
