Construction Quiz - typical framed window

1. Construction Quiz - typical framed window Top plates plate Be able to label these parts of a typical window frame. Typical studs are 8’ long minus the thickness of two “plates” So 8’ (96”) minus 2 plates (or minus 3”) is about 93” 93” 16” spacing between studs is typical Bottom plate

2. Construction Quiz-typical wall sectionYou don’t need to draw it, just be able to name the parts stud siding bottom plate sill plate floor joist grade line foundation wall footing

3. Construction Quiz - terms you need to know • R-value Measures how well a wall or roof retains heat. The higher the R- value, the better the insulation • Embodied energy the amount of energy needed to manufacture and deliver a product or an object • Stud wall a 92-93” long 2 x 4 used in wall construction • Foundation wall usually made of concrete; has a footing at the base to spread out the load of the walls • Bracing In a stud wall, is used to add strength; create a a triangle • Truss A structure that uses triangles for its strength

4. Construct Construction Quiz - more terms you need to know • Elevation Part of a house plan that shows the side of the house; 2D drawing of the side of a house • Floor Plan 2D view of a room from up above; shows room sizes • Calculating area Just multiply the length times the width of a room • Topo (topography) map Shows contour lines, or elevation lines • Contour line A line on a map that shows a line of equal elevations • Profile A side view or cross section of topography • Site plan Part of house plans; shows property lines, contour lines and existing vegatation

5. Commercial Scale is 8” = 1’-0” Always needs an architect, engineer or both Does require a set of construction documents Drawings Specifications Residential Scale is ¼” = 1’-0” Don’t always need an architect or engineer Does require a set of plans Comparing types of construction

6. Wall types you need to know • Post and beam or timber frame • Conventional framing (like most of our houses) • SIPS • Block (like our school) • Straw bale (stacks of bales covered with stucco) • Rammed earth Watch the following slides and be able to identify a few features of each type of wall system

7. Post and beam, timber frame You can tell that these don’t have typical framing like you built in class. The wood members are much further apart than 16”. These are much stronger than conventional wall framings, and can even be salvaged after a fire

8. Typical stud wall framing This is the one many of you built models of. It is very common; it can be either wood or steel.

9. SIPS structural insulated panels These have higher insulation values than typical framed walls. They may be more expensive, but are easier to build with, and save energy in heating bills

10. Concrete block construction Our high school is block construction Concrete block won't burn or rot. It is sturdy, and sound-proof and a good choice for commercial construction.

11. Straw bale A straw bale house uses straw bales as insulation or as the structural building block of the home. The walls are finished with plaster. The main cost saving for straw bale houses is In energy efficiency.

12. Rammed earth In hot dry and temperate climate zones, clay (which is a big part of the composition) offers numerous advantages over other materials. Its particular texture and composition also holds great aesthetic appeal.

13. LEED Certification • Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design • A quasi-governmental organization to promote green building • Here are ways to gain a builder LEED points: • Recycled content of products • Distance between place of manufacturing and project site location • Properties of walls, high R value is good • Solar power • Use of wind power • Water efficiency • Innovative design that saves energy • Use of old ruined lots that are turned back in to good houses or buildings