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IPv6 and Overlays

IPv6 and Overlays. EE122 Introduction to Communication Networks Discussion Section. IPv6: Motivation. Need for a larger address space Explosive growth Under-utilization by class A/B/C addresses. - Minus CIDR, NAT increase usable address space. + Plus

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IPv6 and Overlays

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  1. IPv6 and Overlays EE122 Introduction to Communication Networks Discussion Section

  2. IPv6: Motivation • Need for a larger address space • Explosive growth • Under-utilization by class A/B/C addresses - Minus CIDR, NAT increase usable address space + Plus Wireless sensor networks, ubiquitous computing require small devices have IP addresses

  3. Packet Format From wikipedia

  4. Larger address is not everything • Headers structure is made to improve the performance of routing (from wikipedia) • No fragmentation • PMTU discovery is needed • No checksum • Flow label – QoS management • IPsec • Multicast

  5. Comparison of IPv4 and IPv6

  6. Limitation of IP layer services • QoS • Payment issue • IPsec • End-to-End argument • Multicast

  7. Internet Today • Changes in the network happen very slowly • IPv6 not deployed widely yet • Other examples: IPSEC (93), IP Multicast (90) • Why? • Internet network is a shared infrastructure; need to achieve consensus (IETF) • Many of proposals require to change a large number of routers (e.g., IP Multicast, QoS); otherwise end-users won’t benefit • One size does not fit all • Different applications have different requirements

  8. Goals • Make it easy to deploy new functionalities in the network  accelerate the pace of innovation • Allow users to customize their service

  9. IP AS-1 Overlay Network (over IP) AS-1 One Solution • Deploy processing in the network • Have packets processed as they traverse the network

  10. Reroute traffic using red alternative overlay network path, avoid congestion point Example MIT Berkeley Default IP path determined by BGP & OSPF UCLA Acts as overlay router 1

  11. Resilient Overlay Network (RON) • Premise: by building application overlay network, can increase performance and reliability of routing • Install N computers at different Internet locations • Each computer acts as an overlay network router • Between each overlay router is an IP tunnel (logical link) • Logical overlay topology is all-to-all (N^2) • Computers actively measure each logical link in real time for • Packet loss rate, latency, throughput, etc • Route overlay network traffic based on measured characteristics

  12. What about P2P networks? • Some overlays are p2p networks • Some p2p networks are overlays

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