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Cost and Performance Baseline for Fossil Energy Plants

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Cost and Performance Baseline for Fossil Energy Plants

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    1. Cost and Performance Baseline for Fossil Energy Plants

    2. 2

    3. 3 Objective Determine cost and performance estimates of near-term commercial offerings for power plants both with and without current technology for CO2 capture Consistent design requirements Up-to-date performance and capital cost estimates Technologies built now and deployed by 2010-2012 Provides baseline costs and performance Compare existing technologies Guide R&D for advancing technologies within the FE Program

    4. 4 Study Matrix Total 14 Cases. 3 Different gasifiers, subcritical and supercritical PC steam plants, Natural gas and SNGTotal 14 Cases. 3 Different gasifiers, subcritical and supercritical PC steam plants, Natural gas and SNG

    5. 5 Design Basis: Coal Type Recent data from the Henry Hub Spot Price index indicate a natural gas price in the $8.80/MMBtu range. This will have a tremendous affect on our results, since it is ~50% higher than our cost. We should perform a sensitivity analysis of fuel price (including coal) vs. LCOERecent data from the Henry Hub Spot Price index indicate a natural gas price in the $8.80/MMBtu range. This will have a tremendous affect on our results, since it is ~50% higher than our cost. We should perform a sensitivity analysis of fuel price (including coal) vs. LCOE

    6. 6 Environmental Targets

    7. 7 Economic Assumptions No fancy economic tricks employed. Showing that assumptions are ‘in-line’ with what makes sense and what studies have reported. Further detailed assumptions are available and a detailed list can be provided for each case. (I will have a list case by case assumptions on hand or will take peoples information and send them the details). Grassroots plant unless noted otherwise No fancy economic tricks employed. Showing that assumptions are ‘in-line’ with what makes sense and what studies have reported. Further detailed assumptions are available and a detailed list can be provided for each case. (I will have a list case by case assumptions on hand or will take peoples information and send them the details). Grassroots plant unless noted otherwise

    8. 8 Technical Approach

    9. 9 Study Assumptions Capacity Factor assumed to equal Availability IGCC capacity factor = 80% w/ no spare gasifier PC and NGCC capacity factor = 85% GE gasifier operated in radiant/quench mode Shell gasifier with CO2 capture used water injection for cooling (instead of syngas recycle) Nitrogen dilution was used to the maximum extent possible in all IGCC cases and syngas humidification/steam injection were used only if necessary to achieve approximately 120 Btu/scf syngas LHV In CO2 capture cases, CO2 was compressed to 2200 psig, transported 50 miles, sequestered in a saline formation at a depth of 4,055 feet and monitored for 80 years CO2 transport, storage and monitoring (TS&M) costs were included in the levelized cost of electricity (COE)

    10. 10 IGCC Power Plant Current State-of-the-Art

    11. 11 Three Additional Processes CO2 Pressure Loss Thermal Efficiency Loss *Syngas Cooling Three Additional Processes CO2 Pressure Loss Thermal Efficiency Loss *Syngas Cooling

    12. 12 Gasifier Sweet Cold Gas Efficiency ~75% HHV Radiant Syngas Cooler w/ Quench/Scrubber @ outletGasifier Sweet Cold Gas Efficiency ~75% HHV Radiant Syngas Cooler w/ Quench/Scrubber @ outlet

    13. 13 E-Gas (formerly Destec) coal gasifier is a slurry-fed, pressurized, up-flow, entrained two-stage slagging gasification process About 75% of the coal is injected into stage 1. E-Gas (formerly Destec) coal gasifier is a slurry-fed, pressurized, up-flow, entrained two-stage slagging gasification process About 75% of the coal is injected into stage 1.

    14. 14

    15. 15 IGCC Performance Results No CO2 Capture

    16. 16 IGCC Economic Results No CO2 Capture

    17. 17 IGCC Power Plant With CO2 Capture

    18. 18 Three Additional Processes CO2 Pressure Loss Thermal Efficiency Loss *Syngas Cooling Why is the reheat for the steam cycle for the CO2 Capture cases only 1000F instead of 1050F? Three Additional Processes CO2 Pressure Loss Thermal Efficiency Loss *Syngas Cooling Why is the reheat for the steam cycle for the CO2 Capture cases only 1000F instead of 1050F?

    19. 19 Add approximate shift cost (total and % of total cost and capture cost). Add steam producing arrows.Add approximate shift cost (total and % of total cost and capture cost). Add steam producing arrows.

    20. 20 IGCC Performance Results

    21. 21 IGCC Performance Results

    22. 22 IGCC Economic Results

    23. 23 Comparison to PC and NGCC Current State-of-the-Art

    24. 24 Challenge: Large volume of dilute flue gas (12.8 Mol % CO2) containing low levels of SO2, NOx and Particulates. Sox control to 10 ppm for CO2 Capture Cases (Uses a polishing unit)Challenge: Large volume of dilute flue gas (12.8 Mol % CO2) containing low levels of SO2, NOx and Particulates. Sox control to 10 ppm for CO2 Capture Cases (Uses a polishing unit)

    25. 25 Challenge: Large volume of dilute flue gas (12.8 Mol % CO2) containing low levels of SO2, NOx and Particulates. Sox control to 10 ppm for CO2 Capture Cases (Uses a polishing unit)Challenge: Large volume of dilute flue gas (12.8 Mol % CO2) containing low levels of SO2, NOx and Particulates. Sox control to 10 ppm for CO2 Capture Cases (Uses a polishing unit)

    26. 26 PC and NGCC Performance Results

    27. 27 PC and NGCC Economic Results

    28. 28 Environmental Performance Comparison IGCC, PC and NGCC

    29. 29 Criteria Pollutant Emissions for All Cases

    30. 30 CO2 Emissions for All Cases

    31. 31 Raw Water Usage Comparison IGCC, PC and NGCC

    32. 32 Raw Water Usage per MWnet (Absolute)

    33. 33 Raw Water Usage per MWnet (Relative to NGCC w/ no CO2 Capture)

    34. 34 Economic Results for All Cases

    35. 35 CO2 Mitigation Costs

    36. 36 Total Plant Cost Comparison

    37. 37 Cost of Electricity Comparison

    38. 38

    39. 39 NETL Viewpoint Most up-to-date performance and costs available in public literature to date Establishes baseline performance and cost estimates for current state of technology Improved efficiencies and reduced costs are required to improve competitiveness of advanced coal-based systems In today’s market and regulatory environment Also in a carbon constrained scenario Fossil Energy RD&D aimed at improving performance and cost of clean coal power systems including development of new approaches to capture and sequester greenhouse gases

    40. 40 Result Highlights: Efficiency & Capital Cost Coal-based plants using today’s technology are efficient and clean IGCC & PC: 39%, HHV (without capture on bituminous coal) Meet or exceed current environmental requirements Today’s capture technology can remove 90% of CO2, but at significant increase in COE Total Plant Cost: IGCC ~20% higher than PC capex NGCC: $554/kW PC: $1561/kW (average) IGCC: $1841/kW (average) Total Plant Cost with Capture: PC > IGCC capex NGCC: $1169/kW IGCC: $2496/kW (average) PC: $2788/kW (average)

    41. 41 Results Highlights: COE 20 year levelized COE: PC lowest cost generator PC: 64 mills/kWh (average) NGCC: 68 mills/kWh IGCC: 78 mills/kWh (average) With CCS: IGCC lowest coal-based option NGCC: 96 mills/kWh IGCC: 105 mills/kWh (average) PC: 116 mills/kWh (average) Breakeven LCOE* when natural gas price is: No Capture IGCC: $7.99/MMBtu PC: $6.15/MMBtu With Capture IGCC: $7.73/MMBtu PC: $8.87/MMBtu * At baseline coal cost of $1.80/MMBtu

    42. 42 Summary Table for All Cases

    43. 43 Summary Table

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