1 / 18

Determinants of Empowerment in a Capability Based Poverty Approach: Evidence from The Gambia

Determinants of Empowerment in a Capability Based Poverty Approach: Evidence from The Gambia. Sofia Karina Trommlerová , Graduate Institute Geneva, Stephan Klasen , University of Göttingen , Ortrud Leßmann , Helmut-Schmidt-University Hamburg. Empowerment in The Gambia.

jamal
Download Presentation

Determinants of Empowerment in a Capability Based Poverty Approach: Evidence from The Gambia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Determinants of Empowerment in a Capability Based Poverty Approach:Evidence from The Gambia Sofia Karina Trommlerová, Graduate Institute Geneva,Stephan Klasen, University of Göttingen, OrtrudLeßmann, Helmut-Schmidt-University Hamburg Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  2. Empowerment in The Gambia The Story ofthis Paper • MeasuringEmpowerment • Contextand Data • EconometricMethodsandResults • SummaryandPolicyRecommendations Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  3. Empowerment in The Gambia Difficulties in measuringempowerment: • Process vs. outcome • Direct vs. indirect (resource-based) measures • Manystudiesfocusexclusively on womenorthepoor • … evaluatingpolicymeasuresforempowermentand • … do not controlforendogeneity. Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  4. Empowerment in The Gambia Ourstudymeasuresempowerment • as an outcome • withdirectmeasures • concerning all (adult) people • askingforthedriversofempowerment in general • andusingtechniquestocorrectforendogeneityand sample selectionproblems Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  5. Empowerment in The Gambia Four concepts of power (Rowlands 1997) • power over (‘controlling power’), • power to (‘generative or productive power’), • power with (collective power of a group), and • power from within (strength based on self-acceptance) • focus on thelattertwo Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  6. Empowerment in The Gambia Empowerment in the community • Do you feel that people like yourself can generally change things in their community if they want to? Yes, very easily Yes, fairly easily Yes, but with a little difficulty Yes, but with a great deal of difficulty No, not at all Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  7. Empowerment in The Gambia Empowerment as change in one’s own life • Would you like to change anything in your life at this point in time? Yes No Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  8. Empowerment in The Gambia Empowerment as change in one’s own life • Who do you think will contribute most to any change in your own life? Myself My family Village development committee Our community (village) The ward development committee The state government Don’t know Other Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  9. Empowerment in The Gambia Contextand Data: • The Gambia: smallest African country • 48.4% of population in poverty • 90 % Muslims • High fertility (5.6), low life expectancy (f59, m56) • Impact Evaluation Study on Community Driven Development fortheWorldbank 2008 • 2184 observations (83.9% household heads) Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  10. Empowerment in The Gambia • most respondents are:not limited at all by their health, feel happy, suitable accommodation, always treated with respect, never treated unfairly • average respondent:47 years old, male, household head, Muslim, Gambian, with no education, illiterate, economically active, monogamously married, in rural area Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  11. Empowerment in The Gambia • Communalempowerment Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  12. Empowerment in The Gambia Methods • ordered logit model and 2SLS model Results • Men (polygamously married), Gambians, older, economically active, educated people, people a lot limited in health or completely healthy feel that they are able to induce changes in the community Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  13. Empowerment in The Gambia Individual empowerment Methods • Probit model (desireforchange) • Multinominal logit model and 2SLS (who?) Results • 94% wantchange • Thosefully (dis-)empowered in thecommunity do not wantchange. • Happinessandgoodaccommodationdecreasedesireforchange Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  14. Empowerment in The Gambia • Individual empowerment: Who will inducechange? Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  15. Empowerment in The Gambia Individual empowerment: Who? Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  16. Empowerment in The Gambia Summary • Determinants of empowerment: age, gender, nationality, health, marital status, and economic activity • on communal level: education • on individual level: literacy and wealth • Gender is not a determinant per se but in interaction with marital status • Effects of complete limitation by health?! Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  17. Empowerment in The Gambia Policyrecommendations • Invest in education, especiallyofwomentostrengthentheirposition in thefamily. • Rethinkpoliticalrepresentationconcerningyoungpeopleandwomen. • Benefitfromtheempowermentofpeople limited completelybytheirhealthbygivingthemspecialroles. Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

  18. Trommlerová, Klasen, Leßmann

More Related