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????? ??? ???? ???? Hemimetabola or Heterometabola . ???? ?????? /???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? Exopterygota ????? ??? ????? : - ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? . ???? ???? ?????? Paurometabola . ????? ??????? ??
E N D
1. ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? Ametabola
???? ??????/ ???? ?????????? ? ???? ?????
???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????
?? ??????? :- ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? Apterygota ????? ???? ????? ??????Thysanura ???? ????? ??????.
????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? .
2. ????? ??? ???? ???? Hemimetabola or Heterometabola
???? ?????? /???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????
???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????
??? ??????? ????? Exopterygota
????? ??? ????? : -
???? ???? ??????
???? ???? ??? ??????
3. ???? ???? ?????? Paurometabola ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????.
?? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????
4. ???? ???? ??? ?????? Archimetabola ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????.
??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? .
??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? .
5. ????? ??? ???? ???? Holometabola ???? ? ???? ? ????? ? ???? ?????
????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????
??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? .
??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? Endopterygota )
??????????????????????????...???
6. ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? Neometabola ????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????
????? ??? ????? ?????: -
???? ?????Homometabola
???? ???? Remetabola
???? ?????? ????? Parametabola
7. ???? ????? Homometabola
????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????
8. ???? ???? Remetabola
??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ???????.
????
????? ?????
???? ????? ???? ??????
???? ??? ????
??? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????
????? ????? ?? ??????
???? ?????
9. ???? ?????? ????? Parametabola
??? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? Coccidae ????? ??????? ?????? Diaspidae ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????
10. ???? ??????? ??????? ????
????? ???? ?????
????? ?????
????? ?????
????? ?????
(???? ???????)
???? ?????
11. ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? :( ????? ???? )
????
????? 1 ??????
????? 2 ???? ????
????? 3
???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????.
12. ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? : ( ????? ??? ??? )
????
????? ?????
????? ?????
????? ???????
??? ???????
???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???????
13. ??? ?????? Hypermetamorphosis ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????.
???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????
???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????
???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????
????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????.
??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ? ????? ???????? (???? ??? ?????) ? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????.
14. ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????
?????: ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????????
??????: ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????
??? ??????????
??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????:
1- ??? ??????
2- ???? ???????
??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????
15. ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????
??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? (1.4) ??? ???? ????????? ????????.
???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????
????? ???????
????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? = 1.26
16. ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ??? 1- ???? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????.
2- ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????
3- ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????
4- ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????
17. ????? ???? ???????? ? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????.
????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? (???? Metamorphosis))?
??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????.
????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??????
??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????????
18. ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????:-
????? ???? ( ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? Prothoracicotropic hormone(PTTH) ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? neurosecretory cells .
????? ?????? Juvenile hormone ? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ( ??????) . Corpora allata
????? ???????? , Ecdysteroid hormone ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????? prothoracic gland .
19. ????? ???? PTTH ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? Corpora cardiaca ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? .
??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? .
???? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????
20. ????? ???????? Moulting or ecdysone hormone ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? Prothoracic gland ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? . ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? . ??? ????? ?????? ???????? .
21. ????? ?????? Juvenile hormone ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? . ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? (??? ????? ?????? ) Corpora allata ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? . ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? .