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The Nature of Oral Language

The Nature of Oral Language. Defining Language. Oral language: language that is spoken and heard rather than written or read Language has rules & conventions-you learn them by listening and they are directed by culture Language is like a code. Each has its own sounds, symbols and structure.

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The Nature of Oral Language

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  1. The Nature of Oral Language

  2. Defining Language • Oral language: language that is spoken and heard rather than written or read • Language has rules & conventions-you learn them by listening and they are directed by culture • Language is like a code. Each has its own sounds, symbols and structure. • Process of encoding & decoding

  3. Characteristics of Language • Meaning-assigned by you, symbolic • Vocabulary: all the word symbols that make up a particular language code (standards of appropriateness, add interest) • Structure: the way different parts of a language are arranged (ex: form- - -formal) • Grammar: basic understanding and rules that regulate the use of language • Sound-vital to understanding & credibility (Dr. Fox Hypothesis)

  4. Characteristics of Sound • Diction: degree of clarity and distinctness • Pronunciation: standard set for the overall sound of a word • Articulation: act of clearly and distinctly uttering the consonant sounds of a word • Omission (bi’ness, dolla’) • Addition (warsh, Florider) • Substitution (idn’t) • Slurring (mirrow, liddle)

  5. Characteristics of Sound • Enunciation: act of clearly and distinctly uttering the vowel sounds of a word • Result of faulty placement of the mouth, teeth or tongue • Git, jist, inyone

  6. Dialect • Dialect: language that exists only in oral form or, a unique combination of speech sounds that identify speech with a particular group of people • “Code Talkers” • Regional-Southerner vs. New Yorker • Ethnic/Cultural-also called an accent but can also include language mistakes (Spanglish)

  7. Personal Implications of Oral Language • You will have to develop a way of speaking to college representatives, bosses, coworkers • Language defines you as much as your physical appearance • Language conveys your attitude • Language can determine how successful you are

  8. Functions of Oral Language • Expressing and responding to feelings • Giving and seeking information • Controlling and persuading • Participating in social rituals • Creating and imagining

  9. Language To Avoid • Sexist • Racist • Profane • Judgmental • Accusatory • Assumptive • Absolute

  10. Be Aware of Connotation! • Connotation: Emotions or feelings associated with the word • Ex: mutt, nigger, jock

  11. Troublesome/Powerless Language • Fillers: Word used to cover up hesitancy (“um” “like”) • Tags: A statement or question added to the end of a statement to invite approval or cooperation from others (Don’t you think?)

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