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Exploring Biogeography and Homologies in Evolution

Discover the differences between biogeography and the fossil record, along with the fascinating concept of homologies in evolution. Explore anatomical, developmental, and genetic homologies with intriguing examples and insights into evolutionary science.

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Exploring Biogeography and Homologies in Evolution

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  1. DO Now 12/6 • What is biogeography and how does it differ from the fossil record?

  2. Fun Fact Friday • Peppermints not only give you fresh breath after meals but also aid in digestion. • Diamonds are in fact not rare or valuable - one company called De Beers restricts the diamond supply, keeping prices high. • In 1980 a 2.5 GB disk drive was the size of a refrigerator, weighed 550 pounds and cost $40,000. • Basketball was invented in Canada. • A group of sharks is called a shiver.

  3. Homologies • Homologies are likenesses between something • Inherited from a common ancestor • In the case of evolution, we look at 3 different types of homologies • Anatomical • Developmental • Genetic

  4. Anatomical Homologies • A structure that is anatomically similar among a group, although it might not have the same function (i.e. used for walking, flying, climbing, etc.) • Most common comparison is among the forearms of different animals

  5. Developmental Homologies • Embryonic similarities among organisms of different species • All vertebrates have a distinct developmental pattern • Some common characteristics • Notochord • Postanal Tail • Pharyngeal pouches • Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord

  6. Genetic Homologies • DNA/RNA similarities among organisms • Scientists look at the genetic code of an organism and compare it to that of another organism • Also looks at amino acid chains – Why?

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