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Chapter 9

Chapter 9. Chemical Names & Formulas. + 1 cation. – 1 anions. – 2 anions. – 3 anion. Naming Compounds. Naming compounds is essential in chemistry. There are 2 types of chemical compounds Molecular and Ionic You need to know the type of compound before you can name it.

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Chapter 9

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  1. Chapter 9 Chemical Names & Formulas

  2. + 1 cation – 1 anions – 2 anions – 3 anion

  3. Naming Compounds • Naming compounds is essential in chemistry. • There are 2 types of chemical compounds • Molecular and Ionic • You need to know the type of compound before you can name it.

  4. Molecular Compounds • Atoms of differentelements combine to form compounds. • Molecular Compounds—compounds composed of molecules. • Tend to have low melting and boiling points • Many are gases or liquid at room temp. • Are composed of 2 or more nonmetals. • Example: 1 atom of carbon can react with 1 atom of oxygen to produce 1 molecule of Carbon Monoxide (CO)

  5. Molecular Formulas • Molecular Formula—shows the kinds and numbers of atoms present in a molecular compound. • Includes the elements present and the number of each as a subscript. • If there is only 1, the subscript is omitted.

  6. Sec 5: Molecular Compounds • Binary compounds—compounds containing 2 elements. • Binary molecular compounds—contain 2 nonmetal elements. • Composed of molecules—not ions. • 2 nonmetals can combine in more than 1 way! • CO2 is a gas that we breathe out. • CO is a colorless, odorless, & deadly gas • Both are carbon oxides, but it is important to distinguish between them.

  7. 1-mono 2-di 3-tri 4-tetra 5-penta 6-hexa 7-hepta 8-octa 9-nona 10-deca Naming Molecular Compounds • Prefixes distinguish between different compounds • They tell the number of each element present in each molecule. • For the second element, change the ending to -ide Examples: CO2 is carbon dioxide CO is carbon monoxide Notice: the mono prefix is omitted on the first element.

  8. Formulas of Molecular Compounds • Given the name, writing formulas is easy!! • Use the prefixes to tell you the subscript of each element in the formula. • Example: tetraiodine nonoxide • I4O9

  9. Lets try some examples • Given the formula, write the name for the following molecular compounds. • N2O • Dinitrogen monoxide • PCl3 • Phosphorus trichloride • SF6 • Sulfur hexafluoride • CS2 • Carbon disulfide

  10. More examples • Given the name, write the formula for the following molecular compounds. • Nitrogen trifluoride • NF3 • Disulfur dichloride • S2Cl2 • Dinitrogen tetroxide • N2O4 • Phosphorus pentafluoride • PF5

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