Michael D. Johnson Assistant Professor January 20, 2009

1. IBUS 570: Argentina Study Tour Geography, History and Politics Click on the flag to hear a tango Michael D. Johnson Assistant Professor January 20, 2009

2. Today’s Agenda • Introductions • Syllabus • Trip details • Argentine geography, history, and politics presentation/discussion

3. Argentina: Geography

4. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Freshman level • What is the capital of Argentina?

5. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Freshman level • What is the capital of Argentina? Buenos Aires

6. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Freshman level • What is the name of the mountain range that divides Argentina from Chile?

7. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Freshman level • What is the name of the mountain range that divides Argentina from Chile? The Andes

8. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Freshman level • What ocean does Argentina border?

9. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Freshman level • What ocean does Argentina border? The Atlantic

10. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Graduate level • What is the name for the plains of Argentina?

11. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Graduate level • What is the name for the plains of Argentina? The Pampas

12. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Graduate level • What is the name for the area in the south of Argentina?

13. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Graduate level • What is the name for the area in the south of Argentina? Patagonia

14. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Graduate level • What major line of latitude runs through Argentina?

15. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography Graduate level • What major line of latitude runs through Argentina? The tropic of Capricorn

16. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography PhD level • What is the highest mountain in Argentina?

17. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography PhD level • What is the highest mountain in Argentina? Aconcagua

18. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography PhD level • What is the name of the waterfall on Argentina’s border with Brazil?

19. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography PhD level • What is the name of the waterfall on Argentina’s border with Brazil? Iguazú Falls

20. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography PhD level • How many countries does Argentina border?

21. Super Quiz: Argentine Geography PhD level • How many countries does Argentina border? Five

22. Argentine Geography: Pampas The plains west and south from Buenos Aires. Called the Humid Pampa, they cover most of the provinces of Buenos Aires and Córdoba, and big portions of the provinces of Santa Fe and La Pampa. The western part of La Pampa and the province San Luis also have plains (the Dry Pampa), but they are drier and used mainly for grazing. The Sierra de Córdoba in the homonymous province (extending into San Luis), is the most important geographical feature of the pampas. Click on the picture to see a clip on the gauchos of the pampas

23. Argentine Geography: Gran Chaco The Gran Chaco region in the north of the country is seasonal dry/wet, mainly cotton growing and livestock raising. It covers the provinces of Chaco and Formosa, and is dotted with subtropical forests, scrubland, and some wetlands, home to a large number of plant and animal species. The province of Santiago del Estero lies in the drier region of the Gran Chaco.

24. Argentine Geography: Mesopotamia The land between the Paraná and Uruguay rivers is called Mesopotamia and it is shared by the provinces of Corrientes and Entre Ríos. It features flatland apt for grazing and plant growing, and the Iberá Wetlands in central Corrientes. Misiones province is more tropical and belongs within the Brazilian Highlands geographic feature. It features subtropical rainforests and the Iguazú Falls.

25. Argentine Geography: Patagonia The steppes of Patagonia are in the provinces of Neuquén, Río Negro, Chubut and Santa Cruz. Most of the region is semiarid in the north to cold and arid in the far south, but forests grow in its western fringes which are dotted with several large lakes. Tierra del Fuego is cool and wet, moderated by oceanic influences. Northern Patagonia can also be referred as the Comahue region .

26. Argentine Geography: Cuyo West-central Argentina is dominated by the imposing Andes Mountains. To their east is the arid region known as Cuyo. Melting waters from high in the mountains form the backbone of irrigated lowland oasis, at the center of a rich fruit and wine growing region in Mendoza and San Juan provinces. Further north the region gets hotter and drier in La Rioja province.

27. Argentine Geography: Northwest (NOA) This region is the highest in average elevation. Several parallel mountain ranges, several of which have peaks higher than 20,000 feet, dominate the area. These ranges grow wider in geographic extent towards the north. They are cut by fertile river valleys, the most important being the Calchaquí Valleys in the provinces of Catamarca, Tucumán, and Salta. Farther north the province of Jujuy near Bolivia lies mainly within the Altiplano plateau of the Central Andes. The Tropic of Capricorn goes through the far north of the region.

28. Argentina: History and Politics

29. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Freshman level • Who was the wife of Juan Perón?

30. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Freshman level • Who was the wife of Juan Perón? Eva (Evita) Perón

31. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Freshman level • What is the name for an Argentinean cowboy?

32. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Freshman level • What is the name for an Argentinean cowboy? A gaucho

33. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Freshman level • Which two European countries did the largest groups of immigrants to Argentina come from?

34. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Freshman level • Which two European countries did the largest groups of immigrants to Argentina come from? Spain and Italy

35. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Graduate level • Which explorer first sailed through the straits at the southern tip of Argentina?

36. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Graduate level • Which explorer first sailed through the straits at the southern tip of Argentina? Ferdinand Magellan

37. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Graduate level • Over 35,000 people disappeared during Argentina’s ______ war.

38. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Graduate level • Over 35,000 people disappeared during Argentina’s ______ war. Dirty

39. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Graduate level • In 1982, Argentina battled Britain for control of what?

40. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics Graduate level • In 1982, Argentina battled Britain for control of what? The Falkland Islands (Las Malvinas)

41. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics PhD level • Who founded the city of Buenos Aires?

42. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics PhD level • Who founded the city of Buenos Aires? Pedro de Mendoza

43. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics PhD level • President Carlos Menem tied the value of the Argentine peso to what?

44. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics PhD level • President Carlos Menem tied the value of the Argentine peso to what? The U.S. dollar

45. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics PhD level • Which two parties have dominated Argentine politics for the past sixty years?

46. Super Quiz: Argentine History and Politics PhD level • Which two parties have dominated Argentine politics for the past sixty years? Radical Party (Partido Radical) and Justicialista Party

47. Argentine History and Politics: 1910-1928 Argentina, a constitutional democracy, is among the world's richest nations. Decades of foreign investment and massive immigration set the stage for economic revolution. Britain invests heavily in infrastructure. Conservative forces dominate politics until 1916, when the Radicals win control. Emphasis on fair elections and democratic institutions lets the middle class enter the political process.

48. Argentine History and Politics: 1929-1936 Unemployment resulting from the world economic crisis causes profound social and political unrest. The military forces the Radicals from power and improves economic conditions, but political turbulence intensifies. Empowered by industrialization through import substitution, the urban working classes lead several unsuccessful uprisings prior to the 1937 presidential elections.

49. Argentine History and Politics: 1937-1942 Following the organization of a left-wing Popular Front, right-wing parties unite in a so-called National Front. The right wing's Roberto Ortíz wins an election noted for vote-rigging and fraud. He does attempt to strengthen democracy, though, and adopts countermeasures against German agents' activities. Ill, he resigns in 1942; his successor, Ramon Castillo, is overthrown in a military coup.

50. Argentine History and Politics: 1943-1954 Populist Juan Domingo Perón, Minister of Labor and then two-term president, appeals to nationalist sentiment. Pro-labor rhetoric and a charismatic wife, former actress Eva Duarte ("Evita"), win him mass support among urban and rural workers. Opposition is blatantly suppressed. A strongly protective, inward-looking development strategy creates a faltering economy unable to compete internationally. Click on the picture to see a clip on Eva (Evita) Perón