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COMMERCIAL FIBERS

COMMERCIAL FIBERS. Distribution of Strength. Glass Fibers. E : E lectric C : C hemical S : High S trength. Molecular Structure of Glass. Amorphous Non-crystalline. Process of Spinning Glass Fibers. Carbon and Graphite Fibers. Process to Manufacture Carbon Fibers.

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COMMERCIAL FIBERS

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  1. COMMERCIAL FIBERS

  2. Distribution of Strength

  3. Glass Fibers E : Electric C : Chemical S : High Strength

  4. Molecular Structure of Glass Amorphous Non-crystalline

  5. Process of Spinning Glass Fibers

  6. Carbon and Graphite Fibers

  7. Process to Manufacture Carbon Fibers

  8. Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature on Carbon Fiber

  9. Special Forms of Carbon Fiber

  10. Manufacturers of Carbon Fiber

  11. Aramid Fibers

  12. 3D Structure of Aramid Fiber

  13. Manufacture Process of Aramid Fiber

  14. Characteristics of Aramid Fiber • glass transition temperature 360C • can be used at 300C for a limited time • low CTE (-410-6K-1) • low electrical and thermal conductivity, high thermal capacity

  15. Boron Fibers

  16. Boron Deposition Process

  17. Stress-Strain Curves of Fibers

  18. Fracture Surface of Fibers

  19. Reinforcement – Matrix Interface • Strong interface ― high strength & stiffness, low resistance to fracture • Weak interface ― low strength & stiffness, high resistance to fracture Wettability ― the extent to which a liquid will spread over a solid surface Lotus Effect

  20. Surface Tension By 1st law of thermodynamics: Work done = Increment in free energy Where γ= free energy per unit area of liquid – gas interface = force per unit length = surface tension

  21. Spreading Coefficient The necessary condition for spreading of the liquid Define spreading coefficient wetting occurs no wetting is possible

  22. Example of wetting prediction Example: liquid: epoxy Solids:  alumina  polyethylene epoxy – alumina: wetting is possible! epoxy – polyethylene: No wetting is possible!

  23. LG SG SL  Contact Angle By force equilibrium (at the stop liquid front on solid)

  24. Mechanisms of Interfacial Bonding • mechanical bonding : surface roughness ― interlocking or keying normal compression force ― thermal contraction

  25. Mechanisms of Interfacial Bonding • Electrostatic bonding : coulombic force ― short range of interaction • Chemical bonding : secondary bonding

  26. Mechanisms of Interfacial Bonding • Chemical bonding : secondary bonding

  27. Mechanisms of Interfacial Bonding • Reaction or interdiffusion bonding : polymers― intertwining of molecules ceramics― interphase metals― intermetallic compounds

  28. Methods for measuring bond strength • Single Fiber Test

  29. Methods for measuring bond strength • Bulk specimen tests • Three-point bend - short-beam bend test interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) test • Iosipescu shear test

  30. Methods for measuring bond strength • Micro-indentation test

  31. Methods for measuring bond strength • Microbond Test

  32. Methods for measuring bond strength • Microbond Test

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