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The Science in Ice Tea

The Science in Ice Tea. How sweet it is!. Definitions. Concentration – The measure of the amount of one substance dissolved (or suspended) in another. Solution – The combination of solute and solvent Solute – The stuff being dissolved (usually a solid)

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The Science in Ice Tea

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  1. The Science in Ice Tea How sweet it is!

  2. Definitions • Concentration – The measure of the amount of one substance dissolved (or suspended) in another. • Solution – The combination of solute and solvent • Solute – The stuff being dissolved (usually a solid) • Solvent – The stuff doing the dissolving (usually a liquid)

  3. What’s the solute and solvent? • A spoonful of sugar in water? • A drop of food coloring in water? • Oregano in marinara sauce? • With two liquids, usually the one of larger quantity is the solvent. • However, no matter the quantity, water is always a solvent.

  4. Water • Water is considered the universal solvent. • Not because it dissolves everything, but because it dissolves more solutes than any other solvent.

  5. 3 Kinds of Solutions - Can still dissolve more solute - Has the maximum amount of solute that the solvent can dissolve - Start getting undissolved solute as sludge. • Unsaturated • Saturated • Supersaturated

  6. Solubility • If the solute does dissolve in the solvent, it is said to be soluble in that solvent • If the solute doesn’t dissolve, (floats on top or sinks to bottom) it is said to be insoluble in that solvent. • Some solutes may be soluble in one solvent and insoluble in a different solvent

  7. Liquid Pairs • When one liquid dissolves in another liquid, they are said to be a miscible pair. • If the two liquids don’t mix (one doesn’t dissolve in the other) they are said to be an immiscible pair.

  8. What makes them miscible? • Whether or not the pair is miscible depends on their polarity. While both polar and non-polar molecules are overall neutral, a polar molecule has a negative half and a positive half • Two polar molecules are miscible. • Two non-polar molecules are miscible • A polar and a non-polar molecule together are immiscible.

  9. Degrees of Separation • Dissolving – The molecules of a solid separate from each other in a solvent. • Ex. One salt crystal separates from the other crystals in a block. Or, a sugar molecule separates from other sugar molecules in a sugar cube.

  10. Degrees continued • Dissociation – when parts of the molecule separate from each other, each carrying a charge. • Ex. In a salt crystal, the Na+ separates from the Cl- • Sugar is a covalent compound and doesn’t dissociate

  11. Colligitave Properties • Colligitave properties - properties that change as the concentration changes. • The 2 most common examples are:Boiling Point ElevationFreezing Point Depression

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