Lecture 3

1. New Deal Policies Lecture 3

2. Standard 11.6.4 • Analyze the effects of and the controversies arising from New Deal economic policies and the expanded role of the federal government in society and economy since the 1930s • Works Progress Administration • Social Security • National Labor Relations Board • Farm Programs • Tennessee Valley Authority • California Central Valley Project • Bonneville Dam

3. Essential Question • Is it the governments responsibility to create jobs? If not, whose responsibility is it?

4. Franklin Delano Roosevelt • Ex-governor of New York and cousin of Teddy Roosevelt • Polio paralyzed him in 1921 • FDR is the only president elected to four terms • Not scared to try things that failed • “Take a method and try it. If it fails, admit it frankly, and try another. But by all means, try something.” • Promised America a “New Deal”

6. Eleanor Roosevelt • Eleanor = most influential first lady ever! • Met with people • ears and eyes of the president • Battled racism and injustice • served as a delegate to the UN

7. Brain Trust • Brain Trust and Cabinet • FDR picked educated professionals from both parties to give him advice • “I'm not the smartest fellow in the world, but I can sure pick smart colleagues.” • Frances Perkins was the first female cabinet member • Secretary of labor • Mary Bethune was in the “Black Cabinet” to advise FDR on issues involving race

9. Fireside Chats • First Inaugural Address, 1933 • FDR spoke directly to the people • he was very frank about the state of the economy and the nation • Fireside Chats • informal radio speeches made people feel like FDR cared about them

10. “This great Nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper. So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” —FDR, 1933

11. The New Deal • Relief – to help individual people • Recovery – to help businesses • Reform – to make sure it never happens again • his “First Hundred Days” were very busy

12. Alphabet Soup: FDIC and SEC • The First Hundred Days • FDR closed all US banks 8 hours after taking office • Federal Emergency Banking Relief Act • Govt. Inspection of Banks • Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) • the federal government protected bank deposits up to $5000 • Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) • required accurate information making the sale of stocks and bonds safer

13. AAA • Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) • financial aid to farmers • Subsidies: paid farmers to not plant crops or to destroy crops and livestock • farm prices rose and farm foreclosures lessened

14. TVA • Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) • nine dams built to control floods and provide electricity • still exists today • allowed government to determine fair prices for electricity • critics called it socialist

15. NRA • National Recovery Act (NRA) • each industry established code of “fair competition” • established a minimum wage and maximum hours • blue eagle stickers to show participation

16. CCC • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) • provided work for about 2 million young men • reforestation, fire control, flood control, swamp drainage

17. PWA • Public Works Administration (PWA) • Harold Ickes spent $6 billion for over 34,000 projects • bridges, dams, power plants, and government buildings • created millions of jobs