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Music History

Music History. An Abbreviated History of Western Classical Music. Definitions. WESTERN MUSIC CLASSICAL MUSIC. Antiquity. Earliest known Instruments The Purpose of Music Communication Signaling Religious Ceremony Entertainment. Ancient Civilizations. Chinese (2000 BC)

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Music History

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  1. Music History An Abbreviated History of Western Classical Music

  2. Definitions • WESTERN MUSIC • CLASSICAL MUSIC

  3. Antiquity • Earliest known Instruments • The Purpose of Music • Communication • Signaling • Religious Ceremony • Entertainment

  4. Ancient Civilizations • Chinese (2000 BC) • Stringed instruments (ch’in) • Pentatonic scale • Egyptians (25th century BC) • Lute, lyre, harp • Hebrews • Shofar (rams horn)

  5. Ancient Civilizations • Greeks (3000 - 30 BC) • Kithara (lyre), aulos • Music for plays and festivals • Romans (1000 BC - 500 AD) • Brass trumpets and horns • Music used for warfare

  6. The Middle Ages 400 - 1400 AD • Medieval Period • Class system • Nobility • Clergy • peasants

  7. The Middle Ages 400 - 1400 AD Sacred Music • Music of the church • Plainsong (sung in Latin) • Chant (monophonic) • Gregorian Chant • Mass

  8. The Middle Ages Sacred Music The Mass as a Compositional Form • Composers wrote the music • Text (words, lyrics) from the “Ordinary” of the Mass (liturgy) 36+

  9. Sacred Music The Ordinary of the Mass • Kyrie (Lord Have Mercy) • Gloria (Glory to God…) • Credo (Creed) • Sanctus (Holy, Holy, Holy) • Benedictus (Blessed is He..) • Agnus Dei (Lamb of God) 36+

  10. Holy, Holy, Holy

  11. Lamb 0f God

  12. The Middle Ages Secular Music • Non-religious • Minstrels, Troubadours, Trouvères and Minnesingers • Sung in the common language • String and percussion accompaniments

  13. The Middle Ages Secular Music Adam de la Halle (ca. 1237 - 1287) • Trouvère from France • Composed first musical play “Jeu de Robin et de Marion”

  14. The Renaissance 1400 - 1650 • Great advances in science and math • Copernicus, Galileo • Age of exploration • Great achievements in art • Leonardo da Vinci • Michaelangelo

  15. The Renaissance 1400 - 1650 And literature William Shakespear

  16. The Renaissance 1400 - 1650 • Rise of the Middle Class • Reformation (ca. 1500) • Led by Martin Luther • Chorale style (hymn singing by entire congregation)

  17. The Renaissance 1400 - 1650 Sacred Music • Polyphonic vocal music • Motet Gregorian Chant out of favor

  18. The Renaissance 1400 - 1650 Sacred Music • The Counter Reformation • Palestrina (1525 - 1594)

  19. Givanni Pierluigi da Palestrina

  20. The Renaissance 1400 - 1650 Sacred Music • The Counter Reformation • Palestrina (1525 - 1594) • Kyrie from Missa Papae Marcelli

  21. The Renaissance 1400 - 1650 Secular Music • Polyphonic vocal music • Madrigals • Instrumental Music

  22. Instrument Families • Woodwinds • Brass • Strings • Keyboard • percussion

  23. Woodwinds • Double reeds • Shawm • Krummhorn • Whistles and open hole • recorder • flutes

  24. Shawm

  25. Krumhorn

  26. Krumhorn Reed and Cap

  27. Recorder

  28. Recorder Family

  29. Renaissance Flutes

  30. Brass • Cornett (trumpet ancestor) • Sacbut (trombone ancestor) • Serpant (tuba ancestor)

  31. Muted Cornett

  32. Sacbut

  33. Serpent

  34. Strings • Viols • Harp • Lute • Dulcimer

  35. Viols

  36. Viola da Gamba

  37. Harp

  38. Lute

  39. HammeredDulcimer

  40. Dulcimers

  41. Keyboards Spinet Clavichord

  42. Spinet

  43. Clavichord

  44. Clavichord

  45. Percussion Drums frame drums shell drums Other tambourines finger cymbals

  46. Frame Drums

  47. Drum or Tambor

  48. Tambourines

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