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Research Issues in Spatio-temporal Database Systems

Research Issues in Spatio-temporal Database Systems. Timos Sellis Presented by Handy Patriawan. Introduction. Common techniques and tools R-Tree for both Spatial and Temporal Join Spatial and Temporal into one Proposed name: STDBMSs Spatio-temporal DBMSs Current application

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Research Issues in Spatio-temporal Database Systems

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  1. Research Issues in Spatio-temporal Database Systems Timos Sellis Presented by Handy Patriawan CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  2. Introduction • Common techniques and tools • R-Tree for both Spatial and Temporal • Join Spatial and Temporal into one • Proposed name: STDBMSs • Spatio-temporal DBMSs • Current application • Geographic Information Systems (GIS) • Environmental Information System • Multimedia CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  3. Introduction (cont’d) • Examples: CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  4. Introduction (cont’d) • CHOROCHRONOS • http://www.chorochronos.com • Issues to be addressed: • Ontology, structure and representation of space and time • Data model and query language • GUI • Query processing, storage and indexing techniques • Architecture CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  5. Introduction (cont’d) • Extension of Spatial or Temporal DBMSs is not enough • Adding Temporal support to SDBMSs • Adding Spatial support to TDBMSs • Final frontier: unified Spatio-temporal DBMS • Spatio-temporal data structures, operators and user-interfaces CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  6. Issues… • Ontological Issues • Ontology: the study or concern about what kinds of things exist – what entity there are in the universe (http://www.whatis.com) • Including Structure and Representation • Finding a common framework • E.g. common structure and representation CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  7. Issues… • Ontological Issues (cont’d) • Ontology of spatial entities: life and motion CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  8. Region Object Part Location Issues… • Ontological Issues (cont’d) • Spatial objects are located “somewhere” in space CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  9. Issues… • Models and Languages for STDBMSs • Focus on 3 topics: • Language for spatio-temporal relations • Models and languages for STDBMSs • Design and techniques for STDBMSs • Research is divided into 2 categories: • Tight integration of spatial & temporal • Adding spatial support to temporal CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  10. Issues… • Different classes of applications • Events in space & time, Moving region, etc. • See [4] for more details • Different data structures & operations has been defined as well (see [4]) • E.g. mpoint x mpoint -> mreal:distance CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  11. Issues… • Constraint database models • Development in spatio-temporal constraint-based database model • Example: DEDALE • Prototype of a constraint DBMS for spatio-temporal information • See http://www-rocq.inria.fr/verso/dedale/ • See http://sikkim.cnam.fr/dedale.html • Still based on SQL • Display the parts of roads which is inside the rectangle RECT drawn on the screen • Select SELECT(r.geometry, RECT)From r in RoadsWhere Satisfy(SELECT(r.geometry, RECT)) CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  12. Y t=n+1 t=n+2 t=n X Issues… • Extending current SQL • STSQL • Allowing relations to have attributes that are spatial or temporal • Not intended for movement of continuously moving or changing objects CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  13. Proposed Indexing for Moving Object • “Indexing the Positions of Continuously Moving Objects” • Simonas Saltenis, Christian S. Jensen, Scott T. Leutenegger and Mario A. Lopez • Issues: How can we index a moving object (and or changing object) during time periods? • Proposed solution: • R*-Tree with time as parameter (boring….) • Function… CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  14. Y=X-2 Y Y=X Y=3 t=n+1 t=n t=n+2 X Time Function n Y=X n+1 Y=X-2 n+2 Y=3 Function for Indexing Moving Objects CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  15. Storage, Indexing and Querying • Storage and Indexing: • Support for motion • Benchmarking • Indexing: R-Tree, Quadtree, etc. • Benchmark: • Make sure to include everything needed • Test access method, data generation, query processing and result analysis • ---> Common platform for benchmarking the STDBMS as a whole CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  16. Storage, Indexing and Querying • Query processing and optimization: • Efficient access for spatial, temporal and spatio-temporal • Simple cost model for query optimization • Study of spatial and temporal constraint database CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

  17. Conclusion • Good progress… still more work is needed: • Devising clean and complete semantics for data models and operators • Efficient implementation • Indexing and query optimization • Alternatives architectures for building STDBMSs CS 599 – Spatial and Temporal Databases

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