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Exploring the Bible. The Bible Into English. Early English Translations. John Wycliffe is the first person credited with overseeing the translation of the entire Bible into English. He translated the Latin Vulgate portion of the New Testament into English around 1382.
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Exploring the Bible The Bible Into English
Early English Translations • John Wycliffe is the first person credited with overseeing the translation of the entire Bible into English. • He translated the Latin Vulgate portion of the New Testament into English around 1382. • The Old Testament translation was completed by Nicholas of Hereford and John Purvey shortly after Wycliffe’s death in 1384
Early English Translations • In 1525 William Tyndale published his first English translation of the New Testament directly from the Greek language. • “I defy the Pope and all his laws; if God spares my life, ere many years I will cause a boy that driveth the plough shall know more of the scripture than thou dost.”
Early English Translations • In 1536 William Tyndale was strangled and then his body was burned at the stake. • His last words were actually a prayer in which he said “Oh Lord, open the King of England’s eyes.”
Early English Translations • Coverdales Bible- (1535) • The Mathews Bible (1537) • The Great Bible (1539) • The Geneva Bible (1560) • The Bishops Bible (1568) Each of these were basically revisions of Tyndale’s New Testament. • The King James Version- (1611) In 1607 a total of 54 Old and New Testament scholars were chosen and divided into 3 Old Testament, and 3 New Testament teams who worked at Oxford, Westminster, and Cambridge.
Early English Translations In translating Hebrews 11:1. Tyndale relied on the original Greek while the King James and the Rheims followed the more familiar reading found in the Latin Vulgate.
The Greek Texts • Desiderius Erasmus’ Text- (1516)Erasmus of Rotterdam published the first printed Greek text of the New Testament. • The Elzevir brothers- (1633)published an improved Greek text that contained the Latin phrase “Textus Receptus” on the cover page which means “the text now received by all”. • Wescott and Hort– (1881)By the middle of the 19th century many early Greek manuscripts had been discovered that have helped scholars in the job of reconstructing the exact wording of the original documents. • Nestle-Aland Text-The 27th edition of the Nestle-Aland Text was published in 1998.
Modern Translations • The English Revised Version(1885) • The American Standard Version(1901) • The Revised Standard Version (1955) • The New American Standard Bible(1971) • New International Version(1973) • The New King James Version(1982)
Types of BibleTranslations “FormalEquivalency”- or “Word for Word” type of translation has attempted to retain as much of he original language, and words as possible.
Types of BibleTranslations “Functional Equivalency”- “Dynamic Equivalency”or “Thought for Thought” is the type of translation that has focused more on conveying the meaning, and not the precise wording, of each portion of scripture.
Types of BibleTranslations Paraphrases.– Like “The Living Bible”, and “The Message” are not necessarily bad translations because they are not translations at all. They are a commentary on what the author “thinks” the passage means.
