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H a emo ph il us

H a emo ph il us. Mor ph ology : G- pleomorfous rods , fa c ultativ e anaerob e C ultiva tion : Is dependent on growth fa c tor s h a emin (X) and NAD (V)

irenemontgomery
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H a emo ph il us

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  1. Haemophilus Morphology: G- pleomorfous rods, facultative anaerobe Cultivation: Is dependent on growth factors haemin (X) and NAD (V) They are not able to grow on BA,growth factors must be released by S. aureus and haemophilus grows around S. aureus (satellitephenomenon) Grows also onLevinthalagar in little transparent colonies oron choccolate agar (CHA)

  2. H. influenzae Biochemistry:indol formation, urease, ornitindekarboxylase Factorsof virulence:capsule - 6 serotypes (a-f), the highest pathogenicity b Pathogenicity: Capsuled strains: serotype b: faryngitis, sinusitis, otitis, epiglotitis (children 2-5 years), meningitis other serotypes: faryngitis, pneumonia, sinusitis notcapsuled strains: light respiratory infections Therapy: amoxycillin, co-amoxicillin, cotrimoxazol, macrolides, cefalosporins In epiglotitis: sitting + wet cold air Meningitis: cefalosporins 3rd generation Prevention:vaccination of children Cultivation anddetection:CHA, satellitephenomenon on BA in presence of S. aureus, depression of normal flora via bacitracin, Detection of a type due to growth factors (XV factor)/porfyrine test latex. agglutination (cerobrospinal fluid, serotype detection) X V XV

  3. Other haemophili X V H. parainfluenzae Light resp. infections, needs factor V H. aphrophilus Causes lightresp. infections, needs factor X H. ducreyi Causesulcus molle Haemophilus parainfluenzae, h.aphrophilus, h. paraaphrophilus (+Actinobacilus+ Cardiobacterium+Eikenella+Kingela) can cause endocarditis- HACEK XV X V XV

  4. Pasteurella multocida Morphology:G- pleomorfousrods, facultative anaerobe Cultivation:onBA formslittle transparent waterycolonies, Levinthal agar,CHA Pathogenicity: light respiratory infections, wound infections Therapy: ampicillin,fluoroquinolons, tetracyclin ! Dg. sign: resistance to vancomycin, susceptibilityto pnc Cultivation anddiagnosis:CHA, BA, biochemistry Epidemiology: present in mouth of animals, often in wounds bitted by cat or dog.

  5. Pseudomonas P. aeruginosa Microscopy:G-rodswith capsule Cultivation:onBA pearled shine colonies with haemolysis, various pigments, smells like yasmine Biochemistry:oxidase+,catalase + Factors of virulence:capsule, slime, enzymes, haemolysins Pathogenicity:wound infections (in burns), urinary tract infections, nosocomial infections and sepsisin immunocompromised patients Therapy:often multiresistant strains, antipseudomonade penicillins, cefalosporinsof 3rd and4th generation, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolons Lab. detection:direct - cultivation and microscopy, biochemistry Other pseudomonades: biochemical detection, typical resistance to ATB Burkholderia cepacia – colonisation of lungs in cystic fibrosis patients, urinary infections Stenotrophomonas maltophilia – catheter sepsis,ventilatory pneumonias (VAP) Other G-nonfermenting bacteria (biochemical identification) Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/baumanii - oxidase negative, immobile, resistant, similar spectrum of diseases like P. aeruginosa

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