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The War for Europe and North Africa

The War for Europe and North Africa. Chapter 25 Section 2. Do Now. Looking at the map of German occupied Europe, what would be your plan to invade and defeat Hitler?. I the U.S. & Britain Join Forces A. War Plans. Defeat Germany = TOP PRIORITY for ALLIES

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The War for Europe and North Africa

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  1. The War for Europe and North Africa Chapter 25 Section 2

  2. Do Now Looking at the map of German occupied Europe, what would be your plan to invade and defeat Hitler?

  3. I the U.S. & Britain Join ForcesA. War Plans • Defeat Germany = TOP PRIORITY for ALLIES • Only uncond. Surrender would be acceptable • Historians criticize this because it may have caused Axis to fight longer and desperately than they otherwise might have

  4. B. Battle of the Atlantic • Hitler's U-boats raids along the US E. coast • US unprepared and was being badly beaten • Allies org. ships into convoys= groups of ships travel together for mutual protection • Escorted by destroyers w/ sonar and airplanes w radar • US finally sinking U-boats faster then Hitler could build them while we launched our own ship building program

  5. II the Eastern Front & the MediterraneanA. The Battle of Stalingrad • 1st major turning point was the Battle of Stalingrad • German war machine running out of oil change in strategy w/ 2 objective • Move S to seize Soviet airfields • Capture major industrial center of Stalingrad • Germ. Bombs Stalingrad to point that Soviet officers consider burning all factories and abandoning city • Stalin orders to defend city at ANY & ALL Costs

  6. Soviet launch counterattack that threatens to destroy Hitler’s army but he also orders to fight to the last man • Winter hits and leaves German army in shamblesGerman troops surrender • Soviet victory marks turning point as they begin to steadily move eastward towards Germany

  7. B. The North African Front • During Stalingrad, Stalin urges US & GB to open 2nd front in Western Europe • Believed it would force Hitler to divert troops from Soviet Front and help defeat Hitler • US & GB instead launch Operation Torch= invasion of N. Africa lead by Gen. Eisenhower which ends in Allied victory

  8. C. The Italian Campaign • Amer. Believes best plan to attack across English channel into France & push through into Germany • GB believes smarter to first attack Italy • Compromise by going with Amer plan and GB plan • Italian weary of warItalin King strips Mussolini of his power and arrest him • Italians celebrate end of war but Hitler seizes control of Italy and reinstates Mussolini • Allied troops take over Italy after 4 months of fighting • Mussolini shot and hung in Milan Square

  9. III the Allies Liberate EuropeA. D-Day • As troops push through N Italy & Soviets move W into Poland, Eisenhower org. operation overlord • Op. Overlord= surprise lightly fort. Normandy peninsula by storming the beach • Bomb N Frances supply routs a month prior to invasion to make reinforcement of German forces more difficult during invasion

  10. D-Day= the day of the invasion • Parachute divisions drop behind German lines while troops fight along the shore • W/in 2 months troops liberate French capital • FDR and his running mate Truman get elected for 4th term http://youtu.be/pCLJhxfj608 Start at 3:05

  11. B. Battle of the Bulge • America captures 1st German townHitler responds w/ counterattack • Germ break through weak Amer. Defenseslast offensive ditch called the Battle of the Bulge • Amer. Troops outnumbered and surrounded make last stand at Bastogne • Battle of the bulge left no clear winner but Germ. Lost many soldiers , tanks, guns & other weaponsHitler’s army looses ability to effectively fight • From this point on all the Germans could do is retreat

  12. C. Liberation of Death Camps • Allied troops push eastward into Germ while Soviets push westward • Soviets 1st to encounter one of Hitler’s death camps • Came across a thousand corpses in a crematorium • “not a concentration camp…it is a gigantic murder plant (PG 745)

  13. D. Unconditional Surrender • Soviet army storms into Berlin and kill German soldier on site • Hitler prepares for the end • Marries girlfriend and writes his last address to the German people blaming Jews for starting war and his generals for losing it • Hitler shoots himself and his wife swallows poison • Gen. Eisenhower accepts the unconditional surrender of the Third Reich • V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day) marks the end of the 1st part of the war

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