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WEEK 12

WEEK 12. Revision class 2. Threshold of pain 140dB Threshold of hearing is 0dB. Ranges of Hearing. The accepted range of hearing is 20Hz -20kHz The accepted dynamic range of hearing is 120dB. Stringed Instruments.

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WEEK 12

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  1. WEEK 12 Revision class 2

  2. Threshold of pain 140dB Threshold of hearing is 0dB

  3. Ranges of Hearing The accepted range of hearing is 20Hz-20kHz The accepted dynamic range of hearing is 120dB

  4. Stringed Instruments The standing wave constraint of stringed instruments is at each end of the medium there must be a node

  5. Open Pipe Instruments Include: Flute, recorder The standing wave constraint of open pipe instruments is at each end of the medium there must be an anti-node

  6. Closed Pipe Instruments Trumpet, Sax, Trombone The standing wave constraint of closed pipe instruments is an anti-node at one end and a node at the other

  7. Reed Instruments Mechanical reed – sax, clarinet, bassoon Lip reed – trumpet, trombone, tuba Air reed – flute, recorder, organ pipe

  8. Simple Waveforms Sine Square Triangle Sawtooth

  9. Harmonic Content Sine wave: no harmonics Square wave: All odd harmonics at inverse amplitudes Triangle wave: All odd harmonics at inverse squared amplitudes Sawtooth wave: All harmonics (odd and even) at inverse amplitudes

  10. Decibel Revision Reference values for Power, Voltage and SPL are: dBSPL for Sound Pressure Level - 20µPa dBV for Voltage - 1 volt dBU for Voltage - 0.775 volts dBP for Power (Watts) - 0.001 watt

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