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ガラス電極 pH 計での不確かさについて

ガラス電極 pH 計での不確かさについて. 中村 進 ( NMIJ/AIST, Japan ) e-mail: susumu-nakamura@aist.go.jp. Traceability system for pH measurement. (Notion definition). Primary (Harned cell) method. Primary pH buffer solution. (NMIJ, ….). Secondary (Glass electrode) method. Secondary pH buffer solution.

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ガラス電極 pH 計での不確かさについて

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  1. ガラス電極pH計での不確かさについて 中村 進 (NMIJ/AIST, Japan) e-mail: susumu-nakamura@aist.go.jp

  2. Traceability system for pH measurement (Notion definition) Primary (Harned cell) method Primary pH buffer solution (NMIJ, ….) Secondary (Glass electrode) method Secondary pH buffer solution

  3. ガラス電極法での不確かさの要因 • 液間電位差 • スターラの回転渦電流による電位変化 • 温度効果 • ガラス電極表面の汚れ • メモリ効果 • 測定電位のバイアス • アルカリ誤差 • 電気的なノイズ    など

  4. 2点測定法 (bracketing procedure) 2種類のpH標準液(pH1と pH2)を用いて、試料のpH値を挟むように測定する。

  5. Two point calibration

  6. Mathematical model where k1 and k2 are slope factors of pH vs. temperature near T  25 C for buffers S1 and S2 respectively; Ej= Ej1 - EjX is residual liquid junction potential

  7. Uncertainty budget for general case Combined standard uncertainty Data from the IUPAC Recommendations 2002

  8. Contribution of different parameters to uncertainty of pHX 60 %

  9. 不確かさの小さいpH測定 I. ほぼ同一組成の水溶液でのpH値では、液間電位差は無視できるので、 Ej  0 u(Ej) 0 II. Harnedセルで求めた一次標準液を使用すると、 u(pH1) u(pH2)  0.002  0.005; III. Differential - potentiometric cellを使用した場合

  10. Using of calibration solution of the same nominal composition

  11. Using of calibration solution of the same nominal composition

  12. Uncertainty budget for case I Combined standard uncertainty

  13. Uncertainty budget for case I + II Combined standard uncertainty

  14. Contribution of different parameters to uncertainty of pHX

  15. Uncertainty of electromotive force 測定起電力の不確かさは以下のように計算する。 平均値が期待値にどれだけ近いのか u2 :ガラス電極を含むpHメータの不確かさ

  16. Uncertainty of electromotive force u3 :短時間での起電力の安定性 u4 :長時間での起電力の安定性 u5 :pHメータの最小メモリの統計的誤差

  17. ③ ⑥ ① ② ④ ⑤ Differential – potentiometric cell ①compartment of standard buffer solution S; ②compartment of certified buffer solution X; ③hydrogen gas electrodes; ④sintered glass disk D4; ⑤sintered glass disks D0; ⑥water traps

  18. Mathematical model Pt H2 Buffer S ¦ Buffer X  H2  Pt where E is electromotive force of differential - potentiometric cell

  19. Uncertainty budget for differential cell Combined standard uncertainty

  20. Contribution of different parameters to uncertainty of pHX  85 %

  21. 結論 • ガラス電極法によるpH測定での拡張不確かさ U (k = 2) は、0.025  0.030 • pH一次標準液を用い、この標準液と同一組成と見なせる場合は0.01; • Differential – potentiometric cell を用いた場合の拡張不確かさは 0.004

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