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Chapter 6 Lecture 2 Hard-Soft Acid-Base Concepts

AgX data and HSABAg is large and polarizable = SoftSoftness of Halides: I- > Br- > Cl- > F- AgI has the strongest interaction, thus the lowest solubility Softness is also associated with covalent bonds, not ionic bondsColor depends on the difference between HOMO and LUMOLarge difference = h

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Chapter 6 Lecture 2 Hard-Soft Acid-Base Concepts

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    1. Chapter 6 Lecture 2 Hard-Soft Acid-Base Concepts Hard and Soft Acids and Bases Factors other than acid/base strength determine reactivity acid/base reactivity Silver Halide solubility AgX(s) + H2O Ag+(aq) + X-(aq) Ksp’s: AgF = 205, AgCl = 1.8 x 10-10, AgBr = 5.2 x 10-13, AgI = 8.3 x 10-17 Explanation of Solubility Solvation: F- much better solvated (small, high charge) Degree of Ag—X Interaction must also play a role HSAB Theory can help explain this data Hard acids/bases are small and nonpolarizable Soft acids/bases are large and polarizable Hard/Hard and Soft/Soft interactions are the most favorable Polarizable = easily distorted by other charged ions

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