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Rocks and the ROCK CYCLE

Rocks and the ROCK CYCLE. Examples : sand s ilt clay. Examples : sandstone Shale l imestone. SEDIMENTARY ROCK. Lithification (compaction & cementation). Sediments. High Temperature High Pressure. Weathering Erosion. METAMORPHIC ROCK. IGNEOUS ROCK. Melting. Examples : granite

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Rocks and the ROCK CYCLE

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  1. Rocks and the ROCK CYCLE

  2. Examples: sand silt clay Examples: sandstone Shale limestone SEDIMENTARY ROCK Lithification (compaction & cementation) Sediments High Temperature High Pressure Weathering Erosion METAMORPHIC ROCK IGNEOUS ROCK Melting Examples: granite basalt pumice Examples: slate marble gniess quartzite Magma Cooling Crystallization

  3. CoalThe Rock That Burns Partially decayed plant matter in swamps and bogs; low heat content PEAT not a coal Low heat content; low sulfur content; limited supply in most areas heat & pressure heat & pressure =SEDIMENTARY ROCK LIGNITE (brown coal) BITUMINOUS (soft coal) Extensively used as a fuel because of its high heat content and large supplies; normally has a high sulfur content heat & pressure =METAMORPHIC ROCK ANTHRACITE (hard coal) Highly desirable fuel because if its high heat content; supplies are limited in most areas

  4. shells deposition calcite lithification limestone High heat & pressure marble

  5. sand deposition silicate lithification sandstone High heat & pressure quartzite

  6. clay silt deposition silicate lithification shale High heat & pressure slate

  7. magma Cooling & Crystallization Mineral grains aligned in thick layers (foliation); less than 50% Granite High heat & pressure gneiss

  8. EXTRUSIVE (cools quickly) magma Cooling & Crystallization heat & pressure basalt green stone Cooling & Crystallization More heat & pressure Green schist Granite ENTRUSIVE (cools slowly) High heat & pressure schist Mineral grains aligned into thin layers (foliation); 50% or more

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