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Integrated Forest Protection (IFP) incorporates interdisciplinary approaches to manage forest health and pest interactions effectively. This system emphasizes clear goals, ecological foundations, and coordinated tactics to prevent pest issues. Key components include understanding the Plant Disease Triangle (pathogen, environment, host), economic thresholds for pest damage, and evaluating risk through monitoring systems. Strategies such as early detection, exclusion, and fumigation are vital in protecting nurseries and forests from pests. By utilizing a variety of tools and methodologies, IFP fosters environmental integrity and promotes sustainable forestry practices. ###
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INTEGRATED FOREST PROTECTION LEARNING OBJECTIVES Principles of IFP Application of IFP to Nurseries Strategies and Tools for IFP in Forests
Integrated Forest Protection • Interdisciplinary (Systems approach) • Clear goals • Ecological basis • Pest interactions • Plant Disease Triangle • Economic (or action) thresholds • Use a variety of tactics and treatments in a coordinated approach • Prevention of pest problems
Systems Approach Forest Management (What are your Goals?) Pest Management
PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT HOST PATHOGEN PATHOGEN PATHOGEN PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT HOST HOST PLANT DISEASE TRIANGLE
Economic (or Action) Thesholds Benefit = Cost Economic Injury Level or Resource Impact Level Pest Population Density Economic Threshold or Action Threshold Time
Information Needed to Implement Integrated Forest Protection • Basic biology and ecology • Impact data • Detection/monitoring systems • Hazard/risk rating systems • Treatment alternatives
Hazard and Risk Rating Models • Hazard = susceptibility • suitability of the environment for a specific pest • amount of damage that will occur if pest is present • Risk = Hazard + measure of pest abundance and proximity • probability that an infestation will occur • Hazard ≠ Risk
The Forest Insect and Pathogen Hazard Rating System Database Cataloging hundreds of North American Hazard Rating Models in one cross-referenced Microsoft Access database Andrew McMahan1 Eric L Smith2 1: ITX, Inc., Ft. Collins, CO 2: Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Fort Collins, CO http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/
STRATEGIES PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT HOST EARLY DETECTION EXCLUSION PREVENTION PROTECTION ERADICATION PATHOGEN PATHOGEN PATHOGEN PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT HOST HOST
PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT HOST TOOLS • PORT OF ENTRY INSPECTIONS • AERIAL SURVEY • QUARANTINE • RESISTANCE • SILVICULTURE • SILVICULTURE • SILVICULTURE • CHAINSAWS • HOEDADS • FUNGICIDES
Integrated Nursery Protection • Interdisciplinary (Systems approach) • Clear goals • Ecological basis • Pest interactions • Plant Disease Triangle • Economic (or action) thresholds • Use a variety of tactics and treatments in a coordinated approach • Prevention of pest problems
Interdisciplinary (Systems approach) • Clear goals
Ecological basis • Pest interactions • Plant Disease Triangle PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT HOST
Information Needed to Implement Integrated Forest Protection • Basic biology and ecology • Impact data • Detection/monitoring systems • Hazard/risk rating systems • Treatment alternatives
PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT HOST
FUMIGATION SOLARIZATION
Integrated Decay Management • Interdisciplinary (Systems approach) • Clear goals • Ecological basis • Pest interactions • Plant Disease Triangle • Economic (or action) thresholds • Use a variety of tactics and treatments in a coordinated approach • Prevention of pest problems
PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT HOST MANAGING TREE DECAY AVOID WOUNDING CLEAR CUT HARVEST PATHOGEN PATHOGEN PATHOGEN PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT HOST HOST SHORT ROTATIONS
Pest Interactions Competing Vegetation (-) Pine Tip Moths (+) Fusiform Rust (+) Pitch Canker(+)
PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT HOST PATHOGEN PATHOGEN PATHOGEN PATHOGEN ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT HOST HOST STRATEGIES AND TOOLS