FAQs and Overview on SCADA, Telemetry and Telecontrol using TETRA-Infrastructure

1. FAQs and Overview on SCADA, Telemetry and Telecontrol using TETRA-Infrastructure Funk-Electronic Piciorgros GmbHMichael D. Piciorgros (CEO)

2. Why TETRA and not …. APCO 25 DMR WiMAX WiFi GSM, Edge, 2G, 3G, (4G) Other digital Wireless Systems

3. … because ? Try to compare all technical and commercial aspects of the following presentation with the mentioned technologies

4. SCADA (Supervise Control and Data Acquisition) The term “SCADA” basically includes the whole system starting from the Monitors and Computers in the Control Room, the Interfacing to the Infrastructure, the Infrastructure itself, up to the Outstations the PLC’c and Sensors or Actors. This presentation will show how the SCADA Control Room Part can be interfaced to TETRA Infrastructure using different options and how the data communication can be optimized. Ref.: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supervisory_Control_and_Data_Acquisition

5. Typical SCADA Server Layout Ref: Scada: Wikipedia Monitor: Samsung

6. What can TETRA provide for Supervise Control and Data Acquisition? Keywords are: Status Message SDS Messaging Secondary Control Channel Packet Switched Data Multi Slot Packet Data

7. STATUS Message: • A Status message is the shortest and fastest way to send or receive command or status information over TETRA • Status Message size is 16 Bit • Can be sent/received from control room (SCADA) or from any outstation STATUS messages can be used for: • Alarm Information from outstations • Polling Request • “Silence Command” from SCADA

8. SDS Message: • An SDS message can be compared with a SMS text message in GSM networks but a SDS will be instantly delivered • SDS single message size is up to 254 byte • Multi SDS can be used for larger data SDS messages can be used for: • Text communication • Data communication (protocols, alarms, . . . )

9. Secondary Control Channel: • SDS Messages are sent on the MCCH (Main Control CHannel) on the first time slot • Additional control channels (SCCH) can be configured for each of the remaining three time slots • On one carrier a maximum of four control channels is possible SCCH can be used for: • Separate data from MCCH or Voice Traffic • Reduce MCCH load • Split applications

10. Packed Switched Data: • With Packet Data, IP communication is possible on TETRA networks • Packed Data uses Traffic Channels for communication, in the same way as voice communication • TETRA provides Packet Data channel sharing between devices Packet Data can be used for: • UDP communication • TCP communication (!) • Any low speed IP application (Data)

11. Multi Slot Packed Switched Data: • Multi Slot Packet Data uses two up to three traffic channels on the first carrier • Multi Slot Packet Data can use up to four traffic channels on the second carrier MSPD can be used for: • UDP communication • TCP communication (!) • Any low speed IP application (Data)

12. Typical SCADA Applications:

13. Surface Coal Mining (Water Level Control)

14. GAS Flow Control with Solar Power

15. GAS Quality Control

16. Waste Water Treatment Plant

17. Utility (Energy Companies)

18. Network Structures when using TETRA for SCADA applications Keywords are: Radio to Radio Communication SwMi to Radio Communication SDS Packet Switched Data Multi Slot Packet Data

19. SCADA using based Radio-to-Radio Communication SDS Control Room Serial Interface TMO-100 SDS Serial Communication SDS SDS TMO-100 I/O Command and Control Line Device TMO-100 SDS Serial Interface AMR TMO-100 TETRA Switch

20. SCADA with Radio to Radio Communication • Easy to set up • No need to be physically linked to the TETRA switch (infrastructure) • Point to Point and Point to Multi Point • Low cost solution • Two RF links to the TETRA infrastructure needed • Reduced communication speed

21. SCADA – using an SDS Gateway Public Lighting Control Room TMO-100 SDS Two Serial Interfaces SDS TGW-100SDS Gateway TMO-100 I/O Command and Control Line Device IP Communication SDS AMR TMO-100 TETRA Switch

22. SCADA using an SDS Gateway • No RF traffic on the control room side • About 50% faster than Radio-to-Radio communication • Needs an SDS Gateway ($$$) • Needs to be connected to the TETRA switch

23. SCADA – using a Gateway (Serial over IP) Packet Data Control Room Serial Interface TMO-100 PD TGW-100P Packet Data Gateway Two Serial Interfaces PD TMO-100 I/O Command and Control Line Device IP Communication PD Serial Interface AMR TMO-100 TETRA Switch

24. SCADA using a Packet Data Gateway • No TETRA uplink on the control room side • About 50% faster than Radio-to-Radio communication • MCCH is NOT used for data communication • Needs an SDS Gateway • Needs to be connected to the TETRA switch

25. SCADA – using direct Communication IP Control Room IP TMO-100 PD PD Direct IP Communication TMO-100 I/O Command and Control Line Device PD IP AMR TMO-100 TETRA Switch

26. SCADA using IP Communication • No TETRA uplink on the control room side • About 50% faster than Radio-to-Radio communication • MCCH is NOT used for data communication • No special SCADA to TETRA gateway needed • Only IP communication possible • Needs to be connected to the TETRA switch

27. Some FAQ:

28. What serial Protocols can be used with TETRA? Most of the common serial protocols like Modbus, DNP3, Pak Bus, BSAP, ROC, IEC60870-5-101, ... and also others can be used with TETRA. Depending on Radio-to-Radio communication or Switch-to-Radio communication the SCADA Server response timeout should be set to an appropriate value between 2 and 5 seconds.

29. What IP Protocols can be used with TETRA? On Radio-to-Radio communication care should be taken when using TCP protocol, but it is no problem to use UDP.

30. What is “Serial over IP” and when should it be used? I cases where the TETRA infrastructure does not support Secondary Control Channels (SSCH) and the Main Control Channel (MCCH) should not be overloaded, the serial data can be packed into IP frames of up to 1,5 k Bytes and sent on traffic channels with Packet Data or Multi Slot Packet Data.

31. What is “Packet Data Channel Sharing”? Most of the SCADA applications use polling protocols. That means that the SCADA Server (Control Room) sends a request to an outstation asking for process data. And once the outstation device has responded, the next field device will be polled. In case of Packet Data communication, with each polling the specific outstation will switch to the packet data traffic channel and respond to the SCADA Server request. As there is no logical “End of Data” for the TETRA infrastructure, each device will stay after the data communication has been terminated for some additional time until a “Ready Timer” expires. With the Packet Data Channel Sharing, additional devices can use these still occupied channels

32. How can TETRA be used efficiently for SCADA applications? • For SCADA applications group communication should be avoided because it generates unwanted traffic • Data compression should be used if available • Switch to Radio communication gives best performance • For Data Applications using a dedicated SCCH avoids the overload of the Main Control Channel

33. Can TETRA modems also use the TETRA voice feature? Yes! Depending on the modem design, voice and data features are available

34. Please don’t forget:All of that was:

35. Thank you very much for your interest in our Products Funk - Electronic Piciorgros GmbH Claudiastr. 5 51145 Köln-Porz Germany www.piciorgros.com www.TetraModem.com