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Hinduism and Buddhism Principles Explained

Explore the origins, beliefs, practices, and key figures of Hinduism and Buddhism, including the concepts of karma, reincarnation, moksha, the Middle Way, and the Noble Eight-fold Path. Discover the significance of festivals, caste system, symbols, and scriptures in these ancient religions.

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Hinduism and Buddhism Principles Explained

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  1. Unit 5 Review

  2. What is the Founder and Date of Hinduism? • No founder or particular event, 15O0 BCE, formed from various religions. Brahman is the creator that comes in many forms.

  3. What does Namaste mean? • “I bow to you.” Namaste is a way of greeting others with respect. For Hindus, it is a divine blessing that honours the sacredness and equality of the other

  4. What is an Avatar? • a god or goddess takes new form on earth to rid world of evil

  5. What isYoga? • Way to achieve moksha (endless cycle). Spiritual Practices to get rid of negative karma—knowledge, good deeds, devotion

  6. What is Atman? • The soul is everything.

  7. What is Reincarnation? • You are born again in another form.

  8. What does Divali celebrate? • Autumn festival that celebrates return of Rama, 7th avatar of Vishnu. Festival of lights.

  9. What does Holi celebrate? • Spring festival that celebrates love between Krishna and Radha. Divisions between castes suspended Throw colored powder and liquid.

  10. What are the level of the Hindu Caste System? • Related to karma and samsara. People are ranked from highest to lowest. Brahmins (priests- wise, pure), Kshatriyas (warriors- rule and protext), Vaishya (farmers and merchants), Shudra (servants, not permitted to study)

  11. 4 Beliefs • What is Dharma? • The duties of living. Behaviors that are considered to be in accord with the natural order • What is Karma? • Moral law of cause and effect. Who you are in the next life is determined by actions in past. • What is Samsara? • The cycle of death and rebirth. Atman (soul) moves on to another body. • What is Moksha? • Liberation from cycle. Union with atman, like Christian heaven.

  12. Stage of Life • At puberty a Hindu child enters the first stage Intense study of the Vedas and other sacred scriptures. This stage lasts until marriage and they are to remain celibate. • During this stage worldly tasks of pursuing a career and raising a family are central • The birth of first grandchild, gray hair, wrinkled skin, and retirement mark third stage. Husband and wife retire to the forest to lead a simple life studying Hindu scripture in quiet • The Sannyasin transcends the ordinary ways of the world. This stage is rare among Hindus. Husband and wife live detached from each other.

  13. Symbols • Lotus • symbolizes birth of the universe and the sun • The cow • represents life and the fuel of life to the Hindu • The elephant • symbolizes good fortune • Om • visual and oral representation of God. It reflects the power responsible for the creation, development, destruction of the universe

  14. What is the Founder of Buddhism? • Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)

  15. What is the Middle Way? • So he developed the “Middle Way”: life between luxury and asceticism; balanced way of life

  16. What is Enlightenment? • Understanding of human suffering and how to escape it and attain peace

  17. Explain the idea of no permanent self (no permanent identity or existence)? • You are not defined by your body, physical being

  18. Explain how life in not permanent, • Impermanence (nothing lasts forever, the world is constantly changing)

  19. What are the Four Noble Truths? • Life is filled with suffering • The cause of suffering is desire • To cease suffering one must cease to desire, • The path to the end of suffering is the Noble Eight-fold Path

  20. What is the Eight-fold Path? • Right…concentration, understanding, thought, speech, mindfulness, action, effort, livelihood

  21. What is the oldest and most authoritative Hindu scriptures? • Vedas

  22. What is the largest Buddhist population is found in this country? • China

  23. What is Prayer or Worship called? • Puja

  24. Who is Gandhi? • The best-known Hindu in the world and is considered the father of his country.

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