Session 4 Particular Challenges – ANSA & Disarmament

1. Session 4Particular Challenges – ANSA & Disarmament Julian Thomas Hottinger Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs - FDFA Bern, Switzerland

2. Negotiations Today Vision of Society ANSA Informal Contacts Pre-Negotiations Negotiations Implementation

3. Informal Contacts «Putting one’s foot in the door» Armed groups life expectancy – longer 15 years Isolated they fall into their own logic They don’t understand the exterior world Tend to be more violent Need to understand their evoluation Changes in leadership – death rates high Fundamental issues Human Right must be respected Band various arms such as mining [anti-personal mining] Let the fighters know there is an alternative to fighting

4. Phases within Peace Negotiations

5. Typology of Pre-Pre Negotiations Pre-pre-negotiations Pre-Negotiations Negotiations Implementation

6. Hurdles in Pre-Pre-Negotiations Pre-conditions Parties excluding each other Playing Games Fighting across the table Mediators mistakes Fighting Massacres/Killings Money Insufficient knowledge Background Information Meeting Purposes Meeting Format Duration Dilemmas Multi-track Negotiation Channels Monitoring Mechanisms Need of building capacity Maintaining Internal Cohesion Maintaining Strong Political will Reconciliation