Medieval Towns and Urban Life

1. Medieval Towns and Urban Life

2. Medieval Trade Routes in the Early and High Middle Ages

4. Medieval Galleys

5. Medieval Ship Types in the North Atlantic: longships and round ships (knarrs and cogs)

7. Medieval cogs (late 13th century) • “To illustrate the quickly increasing size of the ships we can look at the Hanseatic notes in the Lübecker Zollrolle of 1227. The ships were divided in three classes: • Under 5 lasten (under 10 tons) • 5-12 lasten (10-24 tons) • More than 12 lasten (more than 24 tons) • In a similar document from 1358 there were two classes: • Under 60 lasten (- 120 tons) • More than 60 lasten (120 tons)” • From website by Per Åkesson, January 1999 • www.abc.se/~pa/mar/cog.htm • Dudszus, Henriot, Krumley : Das grosse Buch der Schiffstypen, Transpress VEB Verlag, Berlin 1987,

8. Naos and Carracks (15th and early 16th Centuries) • A carrack or nao was a three- or four-masted sailing ship developed in the Mediterranean in the fifteenth century. • Characteristics: • high rounded stern with an aftercastle and a forecastle; • a bowsprit at the stem; • square-rigging on the foremast and mainmast; and lateen-rigging on the mizzenmast.

9. Flemish wool merchants purchasing wool in

10. Medieval merchants

11. Left: San Marco piazza in Venice/ Right: Brussels town square with guild buildings

13. Medieval Market

14. Medieval York: the “Shambles” today and in viking times