FaaS as a Cloud Service Model

1. FaaS as a Cloud Service Model

2. Table of Contents • Cloud Services • Cloud Service Models • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Continued • Platform as a service (PaaS) • SaaS (Software as a Service) • FaaS (Function as a Service) • Benefits of FaaS • FaaS Best Practices

3. Cloud Services • Cloud services are the services that are provided through a remote cloud computing server. No on-site server is involved in this type of service. Cloud services, which are scalable, involve cloud servers that are hosted in data centers and are managed by a third party. In cloud services, users use the Internet to access computing services, such as analytics or networking. Cloud services’ users do not need to manage any physical server. Cloud servers enable any device with an active Internet connection to be used for accessing files from any location. Cloud services provide many benefits, such as, enhanced functionality, scalability and productivity along with simplified IT management and reduced costs. • Cloud hosting, one of the types of web hosting, uses cloud servers. Web hosting is a service that is needed for websites to be accessible over the Internet. It is provided by web hosting companies and has many types. The “Best Windows Hosting Company”, the “Best Web Hosting Company”, the “Top Cloud Hosting Company” are some of the terms that are associated with those web hosting companies that provide an excellent quality of service.

4. Cloud Service Models Cloud service models are of different types, which are mentioned below. • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) • Platform as a Service (PaaS) • Software as a Service (SaaS) • Function as a Service (FaaS) All of these cloud service models will be explained in the following slides, with a special focus on Function as a Service (FaaS).

5. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) • Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) refers to a form of cloud computing. This computing infrastructure is provisioned as well as managed over the internet, functions on-demand and on a pay-as-you-go-basis. IaaS involves highly scalable, automated compute resources and it can access as well as monitor computers, networking, storage and other services. It is managed by a cloud computing service provider. In it the user purchases, installs, configures and manages his own software, operating systems, applications and middleware.

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7. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Continued • IaaS benefits enterprises by making it possible for them to buy resources based on demand and requirements. It eliminates the need to invest money in purchasing hardware as well as the complexity involved in managing such hardware. It is easy to scale IaaS depending on demand and a user can rent any resource for the duration for which it is needed. This enables a user to pay as per his usage. When IaaS is used by a business, then there is no need for it to buy or manage physical servers and infrastructure that is related to a data center. • Some of the examples of IaaS include, Linode, Microsoft Azure, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Cisco Metacloud, Rackspace, Google Compute Engine (GCE), Microsoft Azure, DigitalOcean etc.

8. Platform as a Service (PaaS) • Platform as a service (PaaS) is one of the cloud service models that not only provides the platform to customers for developing, running, as well as managing applications but also eliminates the complexity that is involved in building and maintaining the infrastructure which is required for developing and launching applications. PaaS vendors make it possible to avail over the Internet all the necessary infrastructure, development tools, and the operating systems that need to be used for building an application. • Some of the examples of PaaS are Windows Azure, AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Force.com, OpenShift, Google App Engine and Heroku.

9. Software as a Service (SaaS) • Software as a Service (SaaS), which is the most utilized option by enterprises in the cloud market, uses the Internet for deploying software to various companies. The applications that are delivered by SaaS to its users over the Internet are managed by a third party. Most of the SaaS applications are run with the aid of a web browser, which does away with the need for the client to perform any downloads or installations. • SaaS is managed from a central location and it not only serves as an ideal option for short-term projects but also functions as an important tool for those applications which need a significant amount of web or mobile access.

10. Function as a Service (FaaS) FaaS (Function-as-a-Service(FaaS) is one of the types of cloud-computing services. It allows the execution of a code as a response to an event. It carries out this task without the need for the complex infrastructure which is usually involved in building as well as launching microservices applications. A virtual or a physical server is required to be provisioned and managed for the purpose of hosting a software application on the Internet along with managing an OS (operating system) as well as web server hosting processes. In FaaS, one’s cloud service provider automatically takes care of the virtual machine operating system, the physical hardware and the web server software management. This allows the FaaS client to focus entirely on the individual functions in his application code.

11. Benefits of FaaS • FaaS proves to be an extremely valuable tool for efficiently as well as cost-effectively migrating applications to the cloud. The major benefits of FaaS are mentioned below, in no particular order. • It allows for more focus on code rather than on infrastructure. FaaS enables the division of the server into functions which are capable of being scaled independently and automatically. This eliminates the need for managing infrastructure and lets one focus on the app codes in order to reduce significantly the TTM (time to market). • It helps to scale functions up or down automatically, instantaneously and independently as per requirement. • It makes it possible to avail the benefits of robust cloud infrastructure by offering inherently high availability. Since it is spread across multiple geographic zones, it can be deployed across innumerable regions without incurring incremental costs. • It is a cost-effective solution, especially with regard to dynamic workloads and scheduled tasks. It enables one to pay only for those resources which are used and as and when those are used. FaaS makes it possible for a user to pay only in the event that an action takes place. Once the action is completed, everything comes to a halt. Hence, no additional costs are incurred.

12. FaaS Best Practices • The best practices that need to be followed in order to make FaaS easier to deploy as well as more effective are mentioned below. • Each function should not perform more than one action. FaaS functions need to be designed in a way that they carry out a single task as a response to an event. Codes should be such that functions load as well as execute swiftly. • A function should not be able to call other functions as the value of FaaS depends on the isolation of functions. A lot of functions increase the costs and diminish the value that is associated with isolation of one’s funcertions. • The least number of libraries should be used in one’s functions. This is because using a lot of libraries can make functions slow as well as more difficult to scale.

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