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Hepatitis-2015 Orlando , USA July 20 - 22 2015. Garima Mittal. Dr. Garima Mittal (MBBS, MD) Associate Professor, Microbiology. Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, SRHU, Dehradun , Uttarakhand , India. Headings. Introduction Our dialysis unit Aims and objectives
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Hepatitis-2015Orlando, USAJuly 20 - 22 2015 Garima Mittal
Dr. GarimaMittal (MBBS, MD) Associate Professor, Microbiology
Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, SRHU, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Headings • Introduction • Our dialysis unit • Aims and objectives • Patients and methods • Results • Discussion • Conclusion and suggestions • References • Acknowledgement
Group 1 • Included 118 patients • 19 were HCV positive at the start of study • 99 were seronegative • Not following strict isolation program for HCV seropositive patients • Multidose heparin vials were used.
Group 2 • Included 113 patients • 14 were HCV positive at the start of study • 99 were seronegative • Following strict isolation program for HCV seropositive patients by using dedicated areas, machines and dedicated health care workers • single dose heparin vials were used
Exclusion criteria: Those who did not complete the period of study either due to death, leaving to other HD units or after kidney transplantation.
Serological tests • Blood samples were collected from all patients and sera separated. • Tested for HCV antibodies using third generation ELISA kit (Hepanostika HCV ultra, Biomerieux, Netherlands, sensitivity:100%, specificity:99.8%). • Screening for anti-HCV antibodies was done at every three months to look for seroconversion.
Statistical analysis • Data were analyzed using statistical package SPSS version 18 • Prevalence, odds ratios, P values and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to assess differences between studied groups. • Statistical significance was assessed at 0.05 probability level in all analysis.
Separate dialyzer re-processing units HCV + HCV -
Underlying causes for chronic renal failure in both the groups • Chronic Glomerulonephritis (30.5%) • Diabetic Nephropathy (26.3%) • Hypertensive Nephropathy (19.5%) • Chronic interstitial Nephritis (11.3%) • Others (11.3%)
Contd….. KDIGO: Kidney disease: Improving global outcomes
Suggestions • Separate dialysis ward/room for HCV positive patients. • Whether or not to reuse dialyzers??? • Separate area for storage and reprocessing of HCV infected dialyzers • In new seroconversion : Increase the frequency of anti-HCV screening to monthly
HCV RNA to be used as screening tool, if economically feasible. • Regular training of all health care staff, patients on HD and their attendants on infection control practices. • Long term follow up study on larger group of HD patients is required.
Conclusions • In Haemodialysis units with a high prevalence of HCV seropositivity, strict isolation of HCV+ patients in combination with implementation of universal work precaution measures can limit the spread of HCV infection in HD patients.
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Acknowledgement • Dr Pratima Gupta: Professor & Head, AIIMS, Rishikesh • Dr R K Agarwal: Professor & Head, HIMS • Research committee, HIMS • Dr Shahbaz Ahmad: Nephrologist, HIMS • Dialysis staff and patients • Serology technicians