Elements and Principles

1. Line Color Texture Value Shape Form Space Balance Movement Emphasis Pattern (repetition) Unity (compare) Variety (contrast) Proportion Rhythm Elements and Principles

2. Elements • Line • Color • Texture • Value • Shape • Form • Space

3. Line I. a continuous mark, made on a surface, or in space, by a moving point A. Actual - Fully drawn lines or Implied - Lines that are ‘hinted’ at B. Directional Vertical – Up and down Horizontal – Side to side, like the horizon Diagonal – Any line that is not vertical or horizontal. C. Descriptive Adjectives and Adverbs

4. Color II. produced when light, striking an object, is reflected back to the eye. A. Hue - the name we give to a color (red, yellow, etc.). B. Intensity - the strength and vividness of the color. Describe the color blue as (bright, rich, vibrant) or "dull" (grayed). C. Value

5. Texture A. Actual - the way something actually feels when touched B. Implied/Visual - the visual "feel" of something. The way something appears to feel.

6. Value IV. A colors lightness or darkness. The terms shade and tint are in reference to value changes in colors A. Tint - when white is added to a pure hue B. Shade - when black is added to a pure hue C. Tone – when white AND black are added to a color

7. Shape A. Organic – An irregular 2D enclosed area, like that which might be found in nature. B. Geometric – 2D enclosed area created by exact mathematical law.

8. Form A. Organic – An irregular 3D enclosed area, like that which might be found in nature. B. Geometric – 3D enclosed area created by exact mathematical law.

9. Space A. Actual – the real distance between or around areas or components within of a piece. B. Implied/illusionary - the appearance of space or depth within a work of art. C. Positive – Solid areas or objects D. Negative – ‘air’ around solid objects, space where other things are not present

10. Principles • Balance • Movement • Emphasis • Pattern (repetition) • Unity (compare) • Variety (contrast) • Proportion • Rhythm

11. Balance • the ways in which the elements (lines, shapes, etc.) of a piece are arranged • Symmetrical - elements are given equal "weight" from an imaginary line in the middle of a piece. • Near symmetry- same weight…not the same stuff. • Asymmetrical - occurs when elements are placed unevenly in a piece, but work together to produce harmony overall.

12. Movement • a visual flow through the composition as you move from object to object by way of placement and position • Actual – an object that has true motion. • Implied - the suggestion of motion in a design.

13. Emphasis • The area of a piece that is given dominance by the artist. In other words, the artist makes part of the work stand out, in order to draw the viewer's eye there first

14. Pattern(Repetition) • the repetition of an element (or elements) in a work

15. Unity(Compare) • How an artwork or elements in an artwork are alike and appear to ‘go together’.

16. Variety(Contrast) • How things are different. This creates visual interest. High contrast= VERY different Low contrast= a little different

17. Proportion • The size, color.... Ratio, of something compared to other similar things in a work of art. Ex. The trees were out of proportion because they were the same size as the people in the painting. Ex. The toothbrush was in proportion because it appeared to be as long as two fingers.

18. Rhythm • Rhythm, in art, is a visual beat. - example, Lines can produce rhythm by implying movement.