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Traceability Systems Marco Frederiksen M.Sc., Ph.D. Danish Institute for Fisheries Research

This article discusses the importance of traceability systems in the seafood industry, the economic advantages, definitions, and the process of traceability. It also explores different traceability schemes and regulations.

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Traceability Systems Marco Frederiksen M.Sc., Ph.D. Danish Institute for Fisheries Research

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  1. Traceability Systems Marco Frederiksen M.Sc., Ph.D. Danish Institute for Fisheries Research Department of Seafood Research Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  2. Introduction • Why is traceability important • Test of a complete system in practice • Future systems and possibilities Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  3. Why is traceability important? 20. March 1996 UK Authorities show connection between BSE and Jacob Creutzfeldt disease A few days later: All UK beef export banned. EU regulation 820/97 demands on traceability for beef Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  4. 31. May 1999 dioxin scandal in Belgium 10. June. 1999: Beef, pork, poultry, egg and milk produced in Belgium after 14. January 1999 cannot be sold, unless it is documented that the product is not dangerous Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  5. Possible economic advantages of traceability • Improved management of stock in all links • Reduced extra purchase to secure delivery • Increase market shares/product value if information is used actively towards customers (story telling) Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  6. Possible economic advantages of traceability • Insurance. Just one incidence can hit the whole sector • Optimisation of the whole production chain • More confidence, more and improved cooperation, • less raw material inspection. Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  7. Traceability definitions • Traceability is the ability to trace the history, application or location of that which is under consideration • When related to a product: • The origin of materials and parts, • The processing history and • The distribution and location of the product after • delivery • (ISO 9000:2000, Point 3.5.4) Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  8. Traceability definitions EU definition Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council Article 3:’traceability’ means the ability to trace and follow a food, feed, food-producing animal or substance intended to be, or expected to be incorporated into a food or feed, through all stages of production, processing and distribution Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  9. Traceability definitions Traceability the ability to trace A specific product should be able to be identified and linked to the related records Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  10. Vessels Auction Wholesaler/ Producer Transport Retailer Consumer The supply chain from catch/farm to consumer: The ”captured fish chain”and the ”farmed fish chain” Information flow Product flow Breeder/ Hatchery/ Fish farm Wholesaler/ Producer Transport Retailer Consumer Feed/ Medicine Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  11. Traceable unit The traceable unit must be defined The traceable unit is the same as the batch, lot or trade unit The single unit must be uniquely identifiable and be linked to the relevant records Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  12. A traceable unit can be one fish eg. one tuna It can be a one catch, one days catch or one weeks catch It is up to the industry to define it… Today - many operates with one day of production or one shift of production (e.g. a new Danish slaughter house approx. 14000 pigs a day within the same batch!) Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  13. Large batches: Low costs – high economic loss if recalled! Information maybe not useful for anything Small batches: Higher costs – little economic loss if recalled Information useful for chain management Possibility to “sell” the information Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  14. Traceability in the seafood business: Quality assurance Enterprise Resource Planning Avoid re- punching Optimal Production Certification (BRC, IFS, ISO 22000...) Feedback Loops Marketing / Utilization of information Food safety Chain Management Competitive advantage Building loyalty Legislation Possible “profit” “Costs” Traceability Requirements Market access Traceability Industrial statistics Multivariate methods HACCP,GMP • -unique ID • -transformations • data carriers • number series Provide: Vessel name Catch area Catch date etc. Trace/track contamination Enable recall/ Withdrawal Trace back Common Food Law 178/2002 Bio T. Act, COOL Story telling 18/19 Sec. 306 Supply chain management, Lean etc. GS1 (EAN/UCC) standard for barcodes Traceability of fish guideline TraceFish standard EPC Global Labeling Laws Integration of information- systems Modified from Petter Olsen NIFA, 2005

  15. Paper based Traceability systems All traceability operations are manual Low investment High operation costs (if labour is expensive) High possibility for human errors Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  16. Schemes for registration (simplified example) Vessels Auction Wholesaler/ Producer Transport Retailer Consumer Vessel logbook Intake record Delivery note Intake record Receipt Process records Proces record Auction Intake record Sales record Auction Sales record Sales record Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  17. Example at a producer Raw Material Intake record Purchase record Wholesaler/ Producer Daily Quality Record Sheet Intake record Filleting record Blast freezer Bulk pack- aging record Cold store record Process records Dispatch record Sales record Sales record Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  18. Raw Material Intake record INTAKE TICKET Date: 24/09/2003 Batch number: 01 Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  19. Daily Quality Record Sheet Batch ID Label Date: 24/09/2003 Batch code: 01 Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  20. Raw Material Intake record Purchase record Wholesaler/ Producer All records linked by batch identification codes Daily Quality Record Sheet Intake record Filleting record Blast freezer Bulk pack- aging record Cold store record Process records Dispatch record Sales record Sales record Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  21. Labelling: What is chosen as unique identifier? (batch identification) Handwritten notes and/or coloured notes Day label with colours Combination of date/time/name or Unique batch/lot number Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  22. Electronic traceability Developed Seapacking systems Integrated quality assurance, Seapacking projects 1992 to 1997 Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  23. An example of a box label Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  24. Seapacking status: Approx. 30 systems in daily use in DK Around seven five different brands of seapacking systems available Widely sold all over the world Costs are saved – “large” investment 15000EUR Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  25. Vessel Collector Auction Whole-saler Transport Retailer Test and documentation of a traceability system in whole chain No size grading of fish onboard the fishing vessel The collector makes the size grading on shore and repack each fish box All information transferred using the Internet Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  26. Video of test in practise Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  27. Conclusion • It is possible to manage traceability in a fresh fish chain • Time used around 17 sec per box in each link • Less time on fishing vessel and in supermarket • The time used for traceability can be neglected • (100 boxes ½ hour for a whole fishing trip) • Supermarket put all ready labels on product only scan • Investment around 8000EUR per link in hardware Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  28. Standard for electronic transfer The Tracefish standards Voluntary industry standards for electronic transformation of information www.tracefish.org Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  29. Label standards GS1 barcode system (Former EAN and UCC) www.GS1.org EAN-13 EAN-128 Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  30. Electronic systems available today Just examples: Electronic seapacking systems www.marel.com www.nesco.co.uk For aquaculture: www.akvasmart.com For all foods www.lyngsoesystems.com (Catellae,3500 McDonald’s restaurants) www.tracetracker.com, www.wicefish.org ERP - Enterprise Resource Planning: Internal traceability www.sap.com, microsoft dynamics (Navision) Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  31. Near future 250.000 Danish fish boxes will contain an electronic tag (RFID) within three years Unique number on each box, no paper labels – ”cheap” traceability General FOOD standards for electronic transfer is in development right now - www.trace.org Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

  32. When traceability is established it is possible to use the information: Supply chain management (confidence and cooperation) Less raw material inspection Reduced stocks and purchase (inventory management) Reduced economic loss in case of a recall and improved brand protection Use information actively towards customers (story telling) Traceability Systems. Estonia 8 December 2006

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