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Photosynthesis: The Process of Energy Conversion in Plants

Learn about the key concept of photosynthesis, which produces glucose and stores chemical energy. Explore the structure of chloroplasts, the steps of photosynthesis, and the role of pigments in thylakoids.

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Photosynthesis: The Process of Energy Conversion in Plants

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  1. KEY CONCEPT Photosynthesis produces glucose that stores chemical energy.

  2. The equation for Photosynthesis is: • 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

  3. chloroplast grana (thylakoids) stroma Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts. • Chloroplast Structure • Thylakoids • Contains chlorophyll in its outer membrane • Grana • Stack of thylakoids • Stroma • Protein substance around the grana

  4. Steps of Photosynthesis (1) Light absorption reaction * Chlorophyll absorbs light energy (2) Light dependent reaction * H2O is broken and O2released • Light independent reaction * Calvin Cycle: CO2 enters, cycle repeats 6 times, glucose is produced

  5. chloroplast leaf cell leaf Light Absorption Reaction • Light waves hit chlorophyll

  6. Light Dependent Reaction • Occurs in the Thylakoid • The chlorophyll (which absorbed the light energy) releases high energy electrons. • These high energy electrons break water molecules, releasing oxygen and H atoms. • The oxygen diffuses out to the atmosphere.

  7. Light Dependent Reaction (overall view)

  8. Light Independent Reaction • Occurs in the Stroma • CO2 from the atmosphere diffuses into the stroma. • In the Calvin Cycle, molecules of CO2 bond to other molecules. • The Calvin Cycle repeats 6 times to form one glucose molecule.

  9. Light Independent Reaction (overall view)

  10. granum (stack of thylakoids) 1 chloroplast sunlight 6H2O 6O2 2 energy thylakoid stroma (fluid outside the thylakoids) 6CO2 1 six-carbon sugar C6H12O6 3 4 Photosynthesis (full visual) Pigments are in thylakoids

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