
If You Look Like This……. Swine Flu – Test Your Knowledge. Swine flu is also known as… H5N1 Influenza A (H1N1) Piggy pox. Answer B Known as H1N1 based on serologic testing. H5N1 is the avian flu. Can you have swine flu without fever? Yes No. Yes
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The best way for people to protect themselves…
Washing your hands frequently is still the best means of protection. Also avoid touching the mouth and eyes after touching a hard surface (fomite).
The 1st two answers are correct
Health experts advise against domestic travel on planes, trains and buses.
Which threat has killed the most Americans in the past?
What is the best known cure for the new H1N1 virus?
If I get the regular, seasonal flu vaccine, will that protect me from H1N1, too?
The new H1N1 vaccine, which will be available later this fall, (somewhere around the first to second week of October) has been tested on:
One sneeze can contain how many viruses?
It is possible that fewer Americans will die from influenza (of all kinds) this year than in past years?
If I get the vaccine as soon as it is available -- probably in mid-October -- when will I have immunity against H1N1?
If I am over 55, I am at higher risk and should get the vaccine as soon as it's available.
The above groups account for approximately 159 million Americans.
In 1976, a 19-year-old Army private stationed in Fort Dix, N.J., died from the swine flu, while another 115 soldiers stationed there tested positive for swine flu antibodies.
By mid-October of 1976, approximately 40 million people had been vaccinated against swine flu and not long after, reports of serious side effects began to pour in.
Experts are not expecting any major health risks associated with the current H1N1 vaccine.
But it's too early to tell if the vaccine is safe and effective, cautions some experts.
Today, while CDC spokesman Tom Skinner acknowledges the problems that plagued 1976 inoculation program, he says that this time around his agency and the FDA have taken extra steps to protect the public.
He also contends that the current swine flu virus, while contagious, is relatively mild.
The Normal Burden of Disease
Credit: L. Stammard, 1995
Key to influenza are glycoprotein spikes –
Plastic, stainless steel
Recoverable for > 24 hours
Transferable to hands up to 24 hours
Cloth, paper & tissue
Recoverable for 8-12 hours
Transferable to hands 15 minutes
Viable on hands <5 minutes only at high viral titers
Potential for indirect contact transmission
*Humidity 35-40%, Temperature 28C (82F)
Survival of Influenza Virus Surfaces and Affect of Humidity & Temperature*Source: Bean B, et al. JID 1982;146:47-51
Through contact with infected pigs or environments contaminated with swine flu viruses
Through contact with a person with swine flu
Human-to-human spread of swine flu has been documented also and is thought to occur in the same way as seasonal flu, through coughing or sneezing of infected people
Human Virus
Avian Virus
Avian/Human
Reassorted Virus
Swine Virus
Reassortment in Pigs
The First Flu Pandemic of the 21st Century
World Health Organization, Retrieved July 7, 2009, form
http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/phase/en/index.html
1. Pregnant women or women up to 4 weeks post-partum.
2. People with the following conditions:
3. Persons younger than 19 yrs who are receiving long-term aspirin therapy.
4. Children younger than 5 yrs old. The risk for severe complications from seasonal influenza is highest among children younger than 2 years old.
5. Persons aged 65 yrs. and over with comorbid conditions.
Use personal protective equipment when swabbing.
soap and warm water,
especially after you cough
or sneeze. Wash for 15 – 20
seconds.
wipes or gel sanitizers are also
effective.
Germs spread this way.
for 7 days after your symptoms
begin or until you’ve been
symptom-free for 24 hours,
whichever is longer.
with other people as much as possible.
Past experience with pandemics have taught us that the secondwave is worse than the first causing more deaths due to:
Primary viral pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), & Secondary bacterial infections, particularly pneumonia
Fortunately compared to the past now we have anti-virals and antibiotics (to treat secondary bacterial infections)
Based upon past experience and the way the current H1N1 pandemic is acting (current wave is contagious, spreading rapidly and in Mexico/Canada based upon preliminary data affecting the healthy), there is a likelihood that come fall there might be a second wave which could be more virulent
At present most of the deaths due to H1N1 strain has been reported from Mexico.
The disease, though spreading rapidly across the globe, is of a mild form (exception Mexico)
Most people do not have immunity to this virus and, as it continues to spread. More cases, more hospitalizations and some more deaths are expected in the coming days and weeks
Disease seems to be affecting the healthy strata of the population based upon epidemiological data from Mexico and EU
School Closures:
Preemptive school closures will merely delay the spread of disease
Once schools reopen (as they cannot be closed indefinitely), the disease will be transmitted and spread
Furthermore, this would put unbearable pressure on single-working parents and would be devastating to the economy (as children cannot be left alone)
Closure after identification of a large cluster would be appropriate as absenteeism rate among students and teachers would be high enough to justify this action