Current Liabilities and Payroll

1. Current Liabilities and Payroll Chapter 11

2. Learning Objectives • Describe and illustrate current liabilities related to accounts payable, current portion of long-term debt, and notes payable. • Determine employer liabilities for payroll, including liabilities arising from employee earnings and deductions from earnings. • Describe payroll accounting systems that use a payroll register, employee earnings records, and a general journal.

3. Learning Objectives • Journalize entries for employee fringe benefits, including vacation pay and pensions. • Describe the accounting treatment for contingent liabilities and journalize entries for product warranties. • Describe and illustrate the use of the quick ratio in analyzing a company’s ability to pay its current liabilities.

4. Learning Objective 1 Describe and illustrate current liabilities related to accounts payable, current portion of long-term debt, and notes payable

5. Current Liabilities • When a company or a bank advances credit, it is making a loan. • The company or bank is called a creditor (or lender). • The individuals or companies receiving the loans are called debtors(or borrowers).

6. Current Liabilities • Long-term liabilities are debts due beyond one year. • Current Liabilities are debts that will be paid out of current assets and are due within one year.

7. Accounts Payable • Accounts payable transactions arise from purchasing goods or services for use in a company’s operations or from purchasing merchandise for resale.

8. Accounts Payable

9. Current Portion of Long-Term Debt • Long-term liabilities are often paid back in periodic payments, called installments. Installmentsthat are due within the coming year must be classified as a current liability. The installments due after the coming year are classified as a long-term liability.

10. Short-Term Notes Payable • Nature’s Sunshine Company issues a 90-day, 12% note for $1,000, dated August 1, 2011 to Murray Co. for a $1,000 overdue account.

11. Short-Term Notes Payable • When the note matures, the entry to record the payment of $1,000 plus $30 interest ($1,000 x 12% x 90/360) is as follows: Interest Expense appears on the income statement as an “Other Expense.”

12. Short-Term Notes Payable • On May 1, Bowden Co. (borrower) purchased merchandise on account from Coker Co. (creditor), $10,000, 2/10, n/30. The merchandise cost Coker Co. $7,500.

13. Bowden Co. (Borrower) Description Debit Credit Short-Term Notes Payable Mdse. Inventory 10,000 Accounts Payable 10,000 Coker Co. (Creditor) Description Debit Credit Accounts Receivable 10,000 Sales 10,000 Cost of Mdse. Sold 7,500 Mdse. Inventory 7,500

14. Short-Term Notes Payable • On May 31, Bowden Co. issued a 60-day, 12% note for $10,000 to Coker Co. on account.

15. Bowden Co. (Borrower) Description Debit Credit Accounts Payable10,000 Notes Payable 10,000 Coker Co. (Creditor) Description Debit Credit Notes Receivable 10,000 Accounts Receivable 10,000 Short-Term Notes Payable

16. Short-Term Notes Payable • On July 30, Bowden Co. paid Coker Co. the amount due on the note of May 31, the face amount of $10,000 plus interest of $200 ($10,000 x 12% x 60/360).

17. Bowden Co. (Borrower) Description Debit Credit Notes Payable 10,000 Interest Expense 200 Cash 10,200 Coker Co. (Creditor) Description Debit Credit Cash 10,200 Interest Revenue 200 Notes Receivable 10,000 Short-Term Notes Payable

18. Short-Term Notes Payable • On September 19, Iceburg Company borrowed cash from First National Bank by issuing a $4,000, 90-day, 15% note to the bank.

19. Short-Term Notes Payable • On December 18, Iceburg Company paid First National Bank $4,000 plus interest of $150 ($4,000 x 15% x 90/360).

20. Short-Term Notes Payable • A discounted note has the following characteristics: • The interest rate on the note is called the discount rate. • The amount of interest on the note, called the discount, is computed by multiplying the discount rate times the face amount of the note. • The debtor (borrower) receives the face amount of the note less the discount, called the proceeds. • The debtor must repay the face amount of the note on the due date.

21. Short-Term Notes Payable • On August 10, Cary Company issues a $20,000, 90-day discounted note to Western National Bank. The discount rate is 15%, and the amount of the discount is $750 ($20,000 x 15% x 90/360). proceeds

22. Short-Term Notes Payable • The entry when Cary Company pays the discounted note on November 8 is as follows:

23. Learning Objective 2 Determine employer liabilities for payroll, including liabilities arising from employee earnings and deductions from earnings.

24. Payroll and Payroll Taxes • In accounting, payroll refers to the amount paid to employees for services they provided during the period. A company’s payroll is important for the following reasons: • Payroll and related payroll taxes significantly affect the net income of most companies. • Payroll is subject to federal and state regulations. • Good employee morale requires payroll to be paid timely and accurately.

25. Liability for Employee Earnings • Salary usually refers to payment for managerial and administrative services. Salary is normally expressed in terms of a month or a year.

26. Liability for Employee Earnings • Wages usually refers to payment for employee manual labor. The rate of wages is normally stated on an hourly or weekly basis. (concluded)

27. Liability for Employee Earnings • John T. McGrath is employed by McDermott Supply Co. at the rate of $34 per hour, plus 1.5 times the normal hourly rate for hours over 40 per week. For the week ended December 27, McGrath worked 42 hours. His earnings are computed as follows: Earnings at regular rate (40 x $34) $1,360 Earnings at overtime rate (2 x $51) 102 Total earnings $1,462

28. Deductions from Employee Earnings • The total earnings of an employee for a payroll period, including any overtime pay, are called gross pay. • From this amount is subtracted one or more deductionsto arrive at the net pay.

29. Deductions from Employee Earnings

30. Deductions from Employee Earnings • John T. McGrath made $1,462 for the week ending December 27. McGrath’s W-4 (previous slide) claims one withholding allowance of $70. Thus, the wages used to determine McGrath’s withholding bracket in Exhibit 3 (next slide) are $1,392 ($1,462 – $70).

31. Deductions from Employee Earnings

32. Deductions from Employee Earnings • The Federal Insurance Contributions Act(FICA) tax withheld contributes to the following two federal programs. • Social security, which provides payments for retirees, survivors, and disability insurance. (Assume 6% on all earnings.) • Medicare, which provides health insurance benefits for senior citizens. (Assume 1.5% on all earnings.)

33. Deductions from Employee Earnings • John T. McGrath’s earnings for the week ending December 27 are $1,462. Total FICA tax to be withheld is calculated as follows: • Earnings subject to 6% social security tax $1,462 • Social security tax rate x 6% • Social security tax $ 87.72 • Earnings subject to 1.5% Medicare tax $1,462 • Medicare tax rate x 1.5% Medicare tax 21.93 Total FICA tax $109.65

34. Computing Employee Net Pay • John T. McGrath’s Net Pay

35. Liability for Employer’s Payroll Taxes • Employers are subject to the following payroll taxes for amounts paid their employees: • FICA Tax • Federal Unemployment Compensation Tax (FUTA) • State Unemployment Compensation Tax (SUTA)

36. Liability for Employer’s Payroll Taxes

37. Learning Objective 3 Describe payroll accounting systems that use a payroll register, employee earnings records, and a general journal.

38. Accounting Systems for Payroll and Payroll Taxes • Payroll systems should be designed to: • Pay employees accurately and timely. • Meet regulatory requirements of federal, state, and local agencies. • Provide useful data for management decision-making needs.

39. Payroll Register • The payroll register is a multicolumn report used for summarizing the data for each payroll period. Exhibit 5 illustrates a payroll register for McDermott Supply Co.

40. Payroll Register (left side, continued)

41. Payroll Register (right side)

42. Recording Employees’ Earnings

43. Recording and Paying Payroll Taxes • Employers must match the employee’s social security and Medicare tax contributions. In addition, the employer must pay SUTA tax of 5.4% and FUTA tax of 0.8% (assume on $2,710). For McDermott Supply’s payroll of December 27, these payroll taxes are computed as follows: Social security tax $ 834.12 ($13,902 x 6%) Medicare tax 208.53 ($13,902 x 1.5%) SUTA 146.34 ($2,710 x 5.4%) FUTA 21.68 ($2,710 x 0.8%) Total payroll taxes $1,210.67

44. Recording and Paying Payroll Taxes • The entry to journalize the payroll tax expense for Exhibit 5 is shown below.

45. Employee’s Earnings Record • A detailed payroll record must be kept for each employee. This record is called an employee’s earnings record. Exhibit 6 (next two slides) shows a portion of John T. McGrath’s employee’s earnings record.

46. Earnings Record

47. Earnings Record

48. Employee’s Earnings Record

49. Payroll Checks • At the end of each payroll period,payrollchecks are prepared. Each check includes a detachable statement showing the details of how the net pay was computed.

50. Payroll Check