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八種基本句型結構

八種基本句型結構. ( 簡單句 ). 1.S+Vi 主詞 ( 名詞或代名詞 )+ 不及物動詞 Subject(Noun/Pronoun)+Intransitive Verb. 注意 : 主詞放名詞或代名詞，動詞要隨主詞單複數 變化 例 : (1) The sun shines. ( 現在式 ) (2) Flowers bloom. ( 現在式 ) (3) They left. ( 過去式 ) (4) The child is crying. ( 現在進行式 )

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八種基本句型結構

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  1. 八種基本句型結構 (簡單句)

  2. 1.S+Vi 主詞(名詞或代名詞)+不及物動詞Subject(Noun/Pronoun)+Intransitive Verb 注意:主詞放名詞或代名詞，動詞要隨主詞單複數 變化 例: (1) The sun shines. (現在式) (2) Flowers bloom. (現在式) (3) They left. (過去式) (4) The child is crying. (現在進行式) (5) The children are crying. (現在進行式)

  3. 2.S+Vi +Adv. Or Adv. Ph.主詞+不及物動詞+副詞或副詞片語 例: (1) She laughed loudly. (2) He ran fast. (3) They left yesterday. (4) Tom will come next Monday. (5) My mother is sitting on the sofa.

  4. 3.S+LV +S.C. (N/Adj)主詞+連綴動詞+主詞補語(名詞/形容詞) 注意:(1)聯綴動詞主要是be動詞(be動詞中文只有三 個意思：是、在、到)和感官動詞(feel, look, sound, taste, smell 及 become, seem, turn, get, grow, keep) (2)若為be動詞，則後面可接地方副詞為補語。 (3)主補(S.C.)如果是名詞時，照中文順序直接翻 譯，但是如果形容詞時，要注意中文的be動詞 (是)會省略，英文要補上一個be動詞。

  5. 例：S+LV+S.C. (N) (1) I am a boy. (2) He is a sales manager. (3) This was our house. (4) Tom became a movie star. (5) We are from Taiwan. 例：S+LV+S.C. (adj) (1) Rachel was tired. (2) They looked happy. (3) Tom felt sorry. (4) His face turned pale.

  6. (4)聯綴動詞(LV)沒有動作，只有連結主詞(S)和主(4)聯綴動詞(LV)沒有動作，只有連結主詞(S)和主 補(S.C.)的關係，所以主詞(S)和主補(S.C.)必須 是同樣的事，可以互換位置，倒過來寫。 例: (1) Tom is my brother. = My brother is Tom. (2) My name is Mary. = Mary is my name.

  7. 4.S+ Vt + O Subject+Transitive Verb+Object 主詞+及物動詞+受詞(名詞/代名詞) 注意: (1)句中如有副詞(時間/地點)，要搬到句尾。 (2)動詞片語 (不及物動詞+介系詞)如turn on, care about, talk to, listen to等也可當作及物動 詞使用。 例: (1) I have two brothers. (2) We have no bananas in our fridge. (3) I ate an egg yesterday. (4) Please confirm your order. (5) He turned on the lights. (6) We care about him.

  8. 5-1.S+ Vt + I.O. +D.O.主詞+授與動詞+間接受詞(人)+直接受詞(物) 例: (1) My boyfriend gave me a present. (2)Please send us your sample. (3) She didn’t tell him the truth. (4) We can give you 5% commission. (5) Tom bought me a house. (6) She made me a card.

  9. 5-2.S+ Vt +D.O.+ Prep.+ I.O. 主詞+授與動詞+直接受詞(物)+介系詞 +間接受詞(人) 注意：間接受詞(人)放在直接受詞(物)後面，要多放 一個介系詞，動詞give, send, tell, introduce , write …的介系詞多用to，但是有些動詞例外： buy, make, bring 要用for。 例: (1) My boyfriend gave a present to me. (2) Please send your sample to us. (3) She didn’t tell the truth to him. (4) We can give 5% commission to you. (5) Tom bought a house for me. (6) She made a card for me.

  10. 6.S+Vt +O.+O.C. (N/Adj)主詞+不完全及物動詞+受詞+受詞補語(名詞/形容詞) 注意:動詞後面需加受詞補語的動詞，稱為“不完全 及物動詞”常用的有 call, keep(保持), make(使得), find, ask, let, think, elect… 例: (1) We think your price too high. (2) We find many boxes broken. (3) People call him Peter. (4) He made me happy. (5) We elected him chairman.

  11. 7. There + Be V+ S (Noun) + adv. (地點/時間) 注意: 中文地點/時間的副詞開頭+有，就用此句型(There +BeV=有)，There +BeV後面，要馬上跟一個名詞(= 主詞)，再把地點/時間放在句尾，不可再加have， 寫成There are have就錯誤。 例: (1) 樣品室裡有很多產品(地點+有) There are many samples in the showroom. (2) 我們公司附近有一家飯店(地點+有) There is a restaurant near our company. (3) 昨天日本有地震(時間+有) There was an earthquake in Japan yesterday. (4) 夏天有很多颱風(時間+有) There are many typhoons in the summer.

  12. 8. It + BeV + N/Adj./ Adv. (名詞/形容詞/副詞) 注意:It 可以代替天氣、時間、地點、距離、東西 和事情 例: (1) It is cold. (2) It is Dec, 25, 1997. (3) It is noisy. (4) It is far from our office to the factory. (5) It is on the table. (6) It is important.

  13. Exercise 句型練習

  14. 1. S+Vi • 鳥飛 _______ _______. • 星星閃耀 (閃耀twinkle) _______ _______ _______. • 她睡著了 _______ _______ . • 他死了 _______ _______ . • 月亮消失了(消失disappear) _______ _______ _______. 6. 狗不會飛 _______ _______ _______ .

  15. 2.S+Vi+ Adv. 1. 鳥在天上飛 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 2. 他去年死了 _____ _____ _____ _____. 3. 月亮消失在雲後(在雲後 behind the clouds) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 4. 他早起 _____ _____ _____ _____ . 5. 顧客下星期一將會來 (顧客client) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ .

  16. 3. S+ LV +S.C. • 車子在車庫裡 (車庫garage) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. • 他似乎很生氣 _____ _____ _____. • 故事聽起來很奇怪 _____ _____ _____ _____. • 我單身 _____ _____ _____. • 我們在班上是學生 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.

  17. 4. S+ Vt. + O • 我認識那個男孩 _____ _____ _____ _____ . • 比爾上星期碰到蘇 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ . • 我們公司生產電腦 _____ _____ _____. • 湯姆非常愛蘇 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ . 5. 請付樣品費(樣品費sample charge) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.

  18. 5. S+Vt.+ I.O. +D.O. 或 S+Vt. +D.O+Prep.+ I.O. 1. 請付我們樣品費 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. • 我給他這本書 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. • 他教我英文 _____ _____ _____ _____. • 爸爸給我買了一輛腳踏車 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ . 5. 我寄了一個樣品給他 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.

  19. 6. S+ Vt.+ O + O.C. • 我們認為湯姆是好老師 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. • 他使湯姆生氣 _____ _____ _____ _____. • 我們選他做班長(班長class leader) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. • 請將門漆成藍色 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. • 請保持教室整潔 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.

  20. 7. There+ beV + S (Noun)+adv. • 我們家有5人 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. • 上週有比賽(contest) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. • 桌上有一本書 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. • 明年台灣將有選舉(election) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ .

  21. 8. It + BeV +N/ Adj./ Adv. • 外面(天氣)正在下雨(外面outside)(現在進行式) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ . • 現在(時間)是3:30(現在式) _____ _____ _____ _____. • 這裡(地點)很安靜(現在式) _____ _____ _____ _____. • (事情)是很緊急的.(緊急的urgent)(現在式) _____ _____ _____.

  22. Exercise- Answer • 鳥飛 Birds fly. • 星星閃耀 The stars twinkle. • 她睡著了 She slept . • 他死了 He died . • 月亮消失了The moon disappeared. 6. 狗不會飛 Dogs can’t fly.

  23. Exercise-Answer 1. 鳥在天上飛 Birds fly in the sky. 2. 他去年死了 He died last year. 3. 月亮消失在雲後 The moon disappeared behind the clouds. • 他早起 He got up early. • 顧客下星期一將會來 The client will come next Monday.

  24. Exercise-Answer • 車子在車庫裡 The car is in the garage. • 他似乎很生氣 He seems angry. • 故事聽起來很奇怪 The story sounds strange. • 我單身 I am single. • 我們在班上是學生 We are students in the class.

  25. Exercise-Answer • 我認識那個男孩 I know the boy . • 比爾上星期碰到蘇 Bill met Sue last week . • 我們公司生產電腦 We produce computers. • 湯姆非常愛蘇 Tome loves Sue very much . 5. 請付樣品費 Please pay the sample charge.

  26. Exercise-Answer 1. 請付我們樣品費 Please pay us the sample charge. = Please pay the sample charge to us. • 我給他這本書 I gave him the book. = I gave the book to him. • 他教我英文 He teaches me English. = He teaches English to me. • 爸爸給我買了一輛腳踏車 My father bought me a bicycle. = My father bought a bicycle for me. 5. 我寄了一個樣品給他 I sent him a sample. = I sent a sample to him.

  27. Exercise-Answer • 我們認為湯姆是好老師 We think Tom a good teacher. • 他使湯姆生氣 He made Tom angry. • 我們選他做班長 We elected him class leader. • 請將門漆成藍色 Please paint the door blue. • 請保持教室整潔 Please keep the classroom clean.

  28. Exercise-Answer • 我們家有5人 There are five people in my family. • 上週有比賽(contest) There was a contest last week. • 桌上有一本書 There is a book on the table. • 明年台灣將有選舉(election) There will be an election in Taiwan next year.

  29. Exercise-Answer • 外面(天氣)正在下雨(外面outside)(現在進行式) It is raining outside now . • 現在(時間)是3:30(現在式) It is 3:30 now. • 這裡(地點)很安靜(現在式) It is quiet here. • (事情)是很緊急的.(緊急的urgent)(現在式) It is urgent.

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