EOC Test Preparation: British North America

1. EOC Test Preparation:British North America

2. English Colonies • New England Colonies • MA • NH • RI • CT

3. English Colonies • Middle Colonies • NY • NJ • PA • DE

4. British Colonies • Southern Colonies • MD • VA • NC • SC • GA

5. Southern Colonies • Jamestown (1607) • Joint-stock company, VA Company • Wanted to make $$$ off of resources • First few years were unsuccessful • John Rolfe saved the colonies by discovering tobacco • Headright system-fifty acres of land to those who would settle in the colony

6. Southern Colonies • Economy • Tobacco became the big cash crop • Rice and indigo also brought wealth to the south • Staple crops and plantation system • Indentured servants • Not slaves but not treated well • Slaves

7. Southern Colonies • Society • Rich plantation owners (gentry), poor farmers, slaves • Public education nonexistent, happened in the home • Colonies were established for wealth, not religious reasons

8. New England Colonies • Religious dissent was a strong draw to the New World • Puritans • Pure biblical teaching • Plymouth, MA • Pilgrims • Mass. Bay Colony • Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson helped form RI

9. New England Colonies • Society • Very religious, faith and government tied together • Salem Witch Trials • Public education and literacy

10. Middle Colonies • Religiously tolerant • Culturally diverse • Economy • Farming and trade • Wheat, barley, rye • Had big cities: New York, Phila., Baltimore • Some slavery

11. Middle Colonies • Society • William Penn, PA, Quakers • Friendly with Native Americans • Lots of different cultures and religions

12. Colonial Government • Salutary neglect • Representative governments • New England: • Mayflower Compact • Established an elected legislature and that the gov. got its power from the people • Fundamental Orders • Thomas Hooker, CT • This document said gov. got its legitimacy from people and that there were limits to government power.

13. Minority Groups and the Colonies • More freedom for colonial women than British women, but still 2nd class citizens • African Americans arrived in Jamestown (1619) • Attained freedom after a number of years, owned land, and even became the masters of indentured servants and slaves • Slavery eventually took over, depended on where you lived

14. Magna Carta and Parliament • Limited government is based on the rule of law • Government and citizens are subject to the law • Documented through a charter or constitution • Magna Carta • “Great Charter” lead to the creation of Parliament • Listed the legal rights of the nobles and limited the king from creating unethical laws

16. Magna Carta and Parliament • Parliament made up of House of Commons (elected officials), House of Lords (noblemen) • English Bill of Rights • Monarch could not interfere with Parliament elections or impose taxes without consent • Common Law-set of laws that all must follow, regardless of wealth or status.

17. Legacy of the Enlightenment • 1600s: reason, philosophy, thought • Lots of shifts in equality and government • John Locke-people born with natural rights that a government cannot take away • Also taught that if a ruler was unjust, the people did not have to submit to their will • Social contract theory

18. Self-Government in the Colonies • England had representative government (enforce by Enlightenment) • Colonists thought they should have it too • Salutary neglect • House of Burgesses-VA, first representative gov. • One house elected by people • One house appointed by royal governor

19. Self-Government in the Colonies • Colonial legislatures • Created and passed laws • Determined how taxes would be raised • Set salaries of royal officials • Caused tension between themselves and governor