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Jazz – From New Orleans to Chicago to New York

Jazz – From New Orleans to Chicago to New York. By Mrs. Walker. History. Jazz is an early American music form that was primarily developed in New Orleans by African-Americans. It moved to Chicago along with The Great Migration and then to New York during the Harlem Renaissance. History. 1910

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Jazz – From New Orleans to Chicago to New York

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  1. Jazz – From New Orleans to Chicago to New York By Mrs. Walker

  2. History • Jazz is an early American music form that was primarily developed in New Orleans by African-Americans. • It moved to Chicago along with The Great Migration and then to New York during the Harlem Renaissance.

  3. History • 1910 • Jazz music started to become very popular in Chicago. • 1920 - 1930 • Jazz became a widely accepted form of music, by the public audience, during the Harlem Renaissance.

  4. The Great Migration • During World War I many African-Americans moved from the south to the north because the conditions in the south were deteriorating.

  5. Troubles • KKK • Jobs were scarce

  6. Opportunities • Model-T Assembly Line • Prohibition

  7. Joe Oliver “King”

  8. Joe “King” Oliver • One of the first jazz musicians to make the move from New Orleans to Chicago and start a band. • Requested that his novice, Louis Armstrong, join his band in Chicago. • Enormous crowds gathered to see the interplay between Joe Oliver and Louis Armstrong and to dance.

  9. Joe “King” Oliver • As time went on, Joe Oliver became recognized as one of the best coronet players in Chicago, largely because of the mute that he used while playing the coronet. • Many historians believe that the development of using the mute is what brought Joe Oliver the nickname King.

  10. Louis Armstrong “Satchmo” or “”Pops”

  11. Louis Armstrong • Introduced his infamous scat singing to the world in his song Heebie Jeebies. • Louis later said that the dropped his sheet music while he was recording the song, so he just and gibberish to fill the time. • “I did not want to stop and spoil the record which was moving along so wonderfully. So when I dropped the paper I immediately turned back into the horn and started Scatting… Just as nothing had happened.”

  12. Louis Armstrong • Introduced the solo, which transitioned the music from its New Orleans period to the music of the soloist.

  13. James P. Johnson “Father of Stride”

  14. James P. Johnson • Created the technically difficult style of piano playing known as stride. • Two-beat rhythms played unbelievably fast by the left hand, which accompanies the melody that the right-hand is playing. • Wrote the song The Charleston, which inspired the huge dance craze that became all the rage in the United States.

  15. The Charleston • The Charleston is an extremely fast dance that can be performed alone, with a partner, or in a group.

  16. The Charleston • Both the dance and the song are expressive of the recklessness, daringness, abandon, and restlessness of the Jazz Age flappers.

  17. Duke Ellington

  18. Duke Ellington • Duke Ellington is one of America’s greatest composers. • He appreciated the ensemble playing of traditional New Orleans jazz and the compositional structure of ragtime; but he was fascinated by the power and appeal of the solo that was made popular by Louis Armstrong.

  19. Duke Ellington • He was constantly composing new material for a variety of dance numbers which included jungle beats, sultry music, pop tunes, music for dancing, and background music bars for movies.

  20. America’s Music • The music created in Chicago and New York set the stage for jazz music to become the most popular music in America during the Big Band Era. • While jazz music has metamorphosed many times over the last century, while it rose to America’s most popular music and then declined, it still belongs to America and all American’s.

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